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网络上的减肥方法纷繁复杂，根本不知道从何挑选。事实上，要想选择真正适合自己的减肥方法，首先要掌握正确科学的减肥常识。下面，就跟来了解4大减肥杂学，从饮食、运动、季节和时间、睡眠四个方面着手，帮你轻松瘦!
1　　网络上的纷繁复杂，根本不知道从何挑选。事实上，要想选择真正适合自己的方法，首先要掌握正确科学的。下面，就跟来了解4大减肥杂学，从饮食、运动、季节和时间、睡眠四个方面着手，帮你轻松瘦!　　1.关于&吃&的减肥杂学　　&不吃零食&对减肥来说毫无用处?答案似乎是肯定的。比如你可能会为了下午不吃零食而在午饭时吃得更多。但是，一下子吃太多只会囤积更多脂肪，完全无法防止饿肚子。所以倒不如午餐吃8分饱，在吃东西不易积聚脂肪的14~16点之间吃些零食，这样会更有效果。　　首先，咀嚼是非常重要的。　　感到肚子饿的时候就嚼硬硬的鱿鱼干!通过咀嚼鱿鱼干可以增加饱腹感，同时防止由于吃零食而造成卡路里的过多摄取。　　进食过快是的一大原因。　　进食过快不仅会减少咀嚼次数，也无法让人有饱腹感。稍微放慢进食速度，每餐吃到八分饱是非常重要的。&　　热图推荐：　　　　　热文点击：　　2　　2.关于&运动&的杂学　　柔韧性非常重要。　　僵硬的人不易。肌肉很僵硬的话动作幅度就会相应变小，导致时间变少。血液循环也会因此变得不通畅，造成脂肪难以在肌肉积聚。　　睡前做伸展运动可放松身心。　　通过简单的伸展运动可以使体内的血液循环更顺畅，提高脂肪的燃烧效率，还能放松心情，提高睡眠质量。　　3.关于&季节和时间&的减肥杂学　　春天是进行减肥的最佳季节。人们容易认为适宜运动的秋天更适合减肥，但其实为了准备迎接冬天，在秋天时身体会倾向于储存能量，所以其实秋天是不适合减肥的。而在春天，身体经过了&翻新&，可以说是开始减肥计划的理想季节。　　夏天和冬天，更容易瘦下来的为什么是冬天?虽然夏天一直出汗，似乎容易瘦下来，但其实并非如此。冬天，身体为了保持体温会自动加快的速度，而其结果就是消耗身体能量。　　4.关于&睡眠&的减肥杂学　　要想减肥一天就至少睡5小时!有数据表明，一天只睡4小时以下的人与其他人相比，概率高近2倍。　　早上如果睡了&回笼觉&，会打破身体的正常节奏。就算运动量与平时相同，消耗的卡路里量也会有少很多。（图片来源：CFP）
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运动前怎样拉伸最有益
The Right Way to Stretch Before Exercise运动前怎样拉伸最有益For generations, gym students were taught to stretch before working out or playing games. Then the practice fell out of favor: Studies seemed to show that such ‘‘static’’ stretching (holding a pose for anywhere from a few seconds to several minutes) temporarily reduces muscular power, weakens athletic performance and increases the risk of injury. So most fitness experts currently advise against static stretches before exercise. But now a comprehensive new review of decades’ worth of research indicates that they might not be such a bad idea after all.好几代学生上体育课时，老师都让他们在锻炼或玩游戏之前先做拉伸。之后，这个惯例就没保持下去了：研究似乎表明这种“静态”拉伸（向某个方向伸展，并将这个姿势保持几秒至几分钟）会暂时降低身体爆发力、影响运动表现并增加受伤风险。所以目前大多数健身专家都不建议在锻炼之前做静态拉伸。但是现在新公布了一篇全面的评论，该评论回顾了过去几十年的研究，显示拉伸可能也没那么不好。This month, the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism published a study by four distinguished exercise scientists who analyzed more than 200 studies of how stretching affects subsequent exercise. (The authors had conducted some of these studies themselves.) In broad terms, they found that static stretching can briefly inhibit the ability to generate power. So if you reach for your toes and hold that position, tautening your hamstrings, you might not then be able to leap as high or start a sprint as forcefully as if you hadn’t stretched.本月，《应用生理学、营养学及新陈代谢》（Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism）杂志发表了一项研究，四位著名运动科学家分析了200多项关于拉伸如何影响后续运动的研究。（其中部分研究由四位科学家自己开展。）总体来说，他们发现静态拉伸会暂时抑制身体爆发力。所以如果保持手触脚趾的姿势，拉伸腿筋，结果可能还是不拉伸的情况下跳得更高，或冲刺得更有力。Those undesirable effects were generally found, however, only if each stretch was held for more than 60 seconds and the subject then immediately became fully active, with no further warm-up. Those are hardly real-world conditions, says Malachy McHugh, the director of research at the Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York, who is the study’s co-author. Outside the lab, he says, most people are unlikely to hold a warm-up stretch for longer than about 30 seconds. The review found few lingering negative impacts from these short stretches, especially if the volunteers followed that stretching with several minutes of jogging or other basic warm-up movements. In fact, these short static stretches turned out to have a positive correlation. People who stretched in this way for at least five minutes during a warm-up were significantly less likely to strain or tear a muscle subsequently.然而，这些不良影响基本是在运动员每次拉伸保持60秒以上并且不做进一步的热身马上开始充分运动的情况下才发生。纽约莱诺克斯山医院（Lenox Hill Hospital）尼古拉斯运动医学和运动创伤研究所（Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma）的研究主任马拉奇·麦克休（Malachy McHugh）是本研究的合作者之一。他说以上的情况几乎不会在现实中发生。他在实验室外说道，大多数人做热身的拉伸运动不太会超过30秒。这项研究发现这些短暂的拉伸运动几乎不会带来挥之不去的消极影响，特别是如果志愿者在拉伸之后再花几分钟慢跑或者做其他基本的热身运动。实际上，这些短暂的静态拉伸反而产生正面影响。在热身的时候这样拉伸五分钟以上会大大降低之后肌肉拉伤或撕裂的可能性。Do these findings mean that those who happily dropped pre-exercise stretching from their warm-ups should reinstate the practice and overturn, once again, accepted fitness wisdom?这些发现意味着那些乐得在热身时不做拉伸的人又要开始做这种运动，并再次推翻已经广为接受的健身观点吗？Not necessarily, Dr. McHugh says: ‘‘Runners and cyclists don’t have much risk for acute muscle strains.’’ Stretching before these activities is therefore unlikely to protect against in-jury. (Stretching after workouts, or the occa-sional yoga class, is advisable for everyone, he adds. Such postexercise stretching was not a part of the review, though.) Runners and cyclists can adequately warm up, Dr. McHugh says, by jogging or pedaling lightly. But he suggests that people who play basketball, soccer, tennis and ultimate Frisbee — or other sports that involve leaping, sprinting and forceful, potentially muscle-ripping movements — should stretch in advance. Those who haven’t stretched since childhood gym class might want to consider consulting an athletic trainer about the best upper- and lower-body stretches, particularly for the shoulders, hamstrings and thighs.不一定，麦克休博士说：“跑步和骑自行车不太会有严重肌肉拉伤的风险。”所以，做这些运动之前拉伸不大可能防止受伤。（虽然评论不涉及运动后拉伸，但他推荐每个人在锻炼或瑜伽课后拉伸。）麦克休博士说跑步和骑自行车前可以慢跑或者慢骑自行车，充分热身。但是他建议如果要进行的运动会有跳跃、冲刺和激烈的容易造成肌肉撕裂的动作，如打篮球、踢足球、打网球和玩极限飞盘，运动者应该在运动之前拉伸。那些从小时候上体育课就没有做过拉伸的人可能会考虑咨询运动教练怎样才能最好地拉伸上半身和下半身，特别是肩部、腿筋和大腿。
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