虚拟语气用法总结(超好,原创)_百度文库
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虚拟语气用法总结(超好,原创)
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＞＞＞He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise..
He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he &&&&&a goal.&&&A．had scoredB．scoredC．would scoreD．would have scored
题型：单选题难度：中档来源：不详
D试题分析：句意：在踢球之前他犹豫了一下，要不然他就会进一个球。本题的虚拟语气的条件是通过otherwise”否则，要不然”体现出来的。相当于条件状语从句，="If" he hadn’t hesitated for s moment.根据前句的hesitated说明与过去的事实相反，故是对过去情况的虚拟，使用“情态动词+have done”的形式。故D正确。
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据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise..”主要考查你对&&虚拟语气&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
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因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
虚拟语气的概念：
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用：
一、真实条件句：真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if是如果的意思。时态关系句型：条件从句：一般现在时；主句：shall/will+动词原形 如：If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题： The volleyball match will be put off if it___. A. will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained 答案：B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will。如：&（错） If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.&&&&&&&&& （对） If you leave now, you will never regret it. &&&&&&&&&&& 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 二、非真实条件句：非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。& 1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。 a. 同现在事实相反的假设。句型：从句：一般过去时；主句：should(would)+动词原形 如：If they were here, they would help you. b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。句型：条件从句：过去完成时；主句：should(would)have+过去分词 如：If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. &&&&&&& The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. &&&&&&& If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. c.表示对将来的假想句型：条件从句：一般过去时；主句：should+动词原形 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&从句： were+不定式；主句：would+动词原形 should+动词原形 如：If you succeeded, everything would be all right. &&&&&&& If you should succeed, everything would be all right. &&&&&&& If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. 三、混合条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。 如：If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） &&&&&&& If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 比较if only与only if：
only if表示“只有”；if only则表示“如果……就好了”。If only也可用于陈述语气。 如：I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。 &&&&&&& If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。 &&&&&&& If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。&It is(high) time that It is(high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。 如：It is time that the children went to bed. &&&&&&& It is high time that the children should go to bed.& need“不必做”和“本不该做"”didn't need to do表示：过去不必做某事，事实上也没做。needn'thavedone表示：过去不必做某事，但事实上做了。 如：John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back home. &&&&&&& 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。&&& &&&&&&& John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home. &&&&&&& 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。(Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。) 典型例题：There was plenty o ftime. She___. A. mustn't have hurriedB. couldn't have hurriedC. must not hurryD. needn't have hurried 答案：D。needn't havedone. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。 Mustn't have done用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done,“不可能已经”。must not do不可以（用于一般现在时）特殊的虚拟语气词should 的用法：
1）It is demanded/necessary/a pity+that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形，should可省略。句型： 如：It is suggested that we(should) hold a meeting next week. &&&&&&& It is necessary that he(should) come to our meeting tomorrow. 2）在宾语从句中的应用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist+(should)do 如：I suggest that we(should) hold a meeting next week.&&&&&&&&He insisted that he(should) be sent there. 注意：如suggest, insist不表示“建议”或“坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 如：The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.判断改错：（错）You pale face suggests that you(should) be ill.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&（对）Your pale face suggests that you are ill. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& （错）I insisted that you(should) be wrong. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& （对）I insisted that you were wrong. 3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。 如：My idea is that we(should) get more people to attend the conference. &&&&&&& I make a proposal that we(should) hold a meeting next week. 虚拟语气知识体系：
虚拟条件句的倒装：
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。 如：Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us.&&&&&&&&&&&&Had you come earlier, you would have met him=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.&&&& &&&&&&& Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. 注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词“be”的过去时态一律用“were”，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。 如：If I were you, I would go to look for him.& 如果我是你，就会去找他。 &&&&&&& If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。典型例题：_____to do the work, I should do it some other day.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&A. If were I&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B. I were&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. Were I&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. Was I 答案：C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前，变成were, should, had+主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说Were I not to do.，而不能说Weren't I to do。
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2014浙江杭州二中第五次月考（3月）英语试题答案
2014浙江杭州二中第五次月考（3月）答案
I. 单项填空（共20小题；每小题0. 5分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
1. Young as he is, David has gained ___________ rich experience in ___________ society. &
& A. the B. 不填 C. 不填; 不填 D. 不填; the
2. Leeanne Carlson wanted $ 20 million for his large house with two gardens, but he _______ $ 10 million.
A. settled for B. settled down C. settled on D. settled in
3. Officials from China and France formally promised on Thursday to build a new type of economic&
partnership, while ________ business cooperation.
A. strengthened B. to strengthen& & C. strengthening & D strengthen&
4. If it _________ not for all the cars and passers-by with cameras, you _________ think you have&
magically traveled back to the 14 century.
& A. is &will B. had been& would C. were& will & D. were&might
5. --- Why didn&t you pay the accommodation rent?
--- The rent?& ____________
A. It all depends. B. It&s up to you. C. You are crazy! D. That isn&t due yet.
6. If you __________ drive so fast, you&ll run the risk of losing your license for six months.
& A. would& & & & & B. must& & & & & & C. should & & & & & D. may
7. The ____________ of news that a flood is coming is a staff working in the weather bureau.
& A. resource& & & & B. origin & & & & & C. root & & & & & & D. source
8. The young backpacker always ____________ at the youth hostel when he&s in Kathmandu.
& A. puts up& & & & & B. sets down & & & C. come about & & & D. takes up
9. Nearly three months had gone by _________ the seriously injured girl showed a slight sign of recovery.
A. until & & & & B. before & & & & & C. since& & & & & & D. after
10. The news that China is _________ its family planning policy has caused a heated discussion in China,&
&& and the new policy will _________ about 15 to 20 million people, only half of whom are actually
&willing to have a second child.
&& A. apply to & & & & & & & & & B. adjust to &
&& C. refer to& & & & & & & & & & D. adapt to
11. We look forward to the day when the car will be replaced by some less dangerous_______ of transport.
A. methods B. means C. manners D. ways
12. He hesitated for a moment bef otherwise, he ___________ a goal.
&& A. would score& & B. scored & & & & & C. would have scored& D. had scored
13. The teacher left word with our monitor ___________ she would explain the problem again next time.
A. who B. which C. as D. that
14. Every time Gina catches her employees ____________ time, she reminds them that time is money.
&& A. to waste B. wasting C. wasted D. waste
15. I have no idea of what is in fashion nowadays, so my choice might be quite & & ____ & .
A. abundant B. arbitrary C. considerate D. aggressive
16. In manufacturing, cheaper materials are constantly being& & & & for the better, more expensive kind.
A. maintained B. cancelled C. substituted D. deposited
17. The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15 mph, ___________ otherwise posted.
&& A. unless& & & & & B. until& & & & C. since& & & & & & D. however
18. ---Excuse me, has the train from Beijing arrived yet?
--- ________, you are three quarters earlier. It's only 9 now.
A. Unconsciously B. Instantly C. Absolutely D. Actually&
19. After Chang&e-3 landed on the moon on Dec 14, China became the third country _________ this after the US and the former Soviet Union.&
&& A. having achieved B. achieving & C. achieved D. to have achieved &
20. The soldiers soon reached ________ was once an old temple ________ the villagers used as a school.
A. which, where B. where, which & & C. what, which & & & D. what, where
II：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21～40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项选项的标号涂黑。
Over the years, thanks to my life&s obstacles(障碍), I understood the meaning of faith and the strong will to survive. It was Hurricane Ike that made me fully__21__ the beauty of our strength and a human&s motivation to __22__.
&& Mom had a two-week __23__ in summer. While we enjoyed our holiday in Southeast Texas, we didn&t realize the fact that Ike __24__ cause months and likely years of &labor&. By September 7th, the &eyes of Texas& were watching Hurricane Ike more __25__, making the typical mad rush for last-minute hurricane __26__. Two days later, both oil and ice were in __27__ demand.
&& In the early hours of September 11th, some neighbors were planning to __28__the storm in their homes, __29__ others were making final preparations to get away. At first, we decided to stay. But that afternoon, the Houston-Galveston area would be on the more __30__ side of the storm. Mom and I packed some of our most __31__ belongings in the car and __32__ the East Texas town of Lufkin.
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This is a soccer ball.（改为复数形式）Does Peter have a ball.(作否定回答）Mike doesn‘t have a computer game.(改为肯定句）He has a computer.(改为否定句）Do you have a brother?(改为陈述句）They have many friends.(改
This is a soccer ball.（改为复数形式）Does Peter have a ball.(作否定回答）Mike doesn‘t have a computer game.(改为肯定句）He has a computer.(改为否定句）Do you have a brother?(改为陈述句）They have many friends.(改为一般疑问句）
This is a soccer ball.（改为复数形式）：These are soccer ballsDoes Peter have a ball.(作否定回答）：No,he doesn'tMike doesn‘t have a computer game.(改为肯定句）：Mike has a computer game.He has a computer.(改为否定句）：He doesn't have a computerDo you have a brother?(改为陈述句）; I have a brotherThey have many friends.(改为一般疑问句）:Do they have any friends?希望对你有帮助,有不明白的地方再问哟! (*^__^*)
This are soccer balls NO，he doesn'tMike
has a computer gameHe hasn't got a computerYou have a brotherHave they got many friends
These are soccer balls.Peter doesn't have a ball.Mike has a computer game.He doesn't have a computer.You have a brother.Do they have many friends?