Distance Calculator - How far is it from Liverpool – England – United Kingdom...
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Distance from Liverpool to ...Distance: Heading: Graph showing distances and directions to other locations. Click arrows to see the route on a map. Liverpool CoordinatesLatitude: 53°&25'&NorthLongitude: 3°&00'&WestDistance to ...North Pole:4.081&kmEquator:5.921&kmSouth Pole:15.923&kmLocations around this latitudeLocations around this longitudeLocations farthest away from Liverpool, 19.048&km, 19.046&km, 19.016&km, 18.897&km, 18.860&kmHow far is it from Liverpool to locations worldwideSort by: CityCountryTimeDistanceDirectionCurrent local times
and distance from
LiverpoolLocationLocal timeDistanceDirection *星期三 00:43--- *星期三 00:4317 km11 miles9 nm *星期三 00:4321 km13 miles11 nm *星期三 00:4326 km16 miles14 nm *星期三 00:4342 km26 miles23 nm *星期三 00:4344 km28 miles24 nm *星期三 00:4347 km29 miles25 nm *星期三 00:4350 km31 miles27 nm *星期三 00:4350 km31 miles27 nm *星期三 00:4351 km31 miles27 nm *星期三 00:4351 km31 miles27 nm *星期三 00:4353 km33 miles29 nm *星期三 00:4357 km35 miles31 nm *星期三 00:4360 km37 miles33 nm *星期三 00:4372 km44 miles39 nm *星期三 00:4378 km49 miles42 nm *星期三 00:4381 km50 miles43 nm *星期三 00:4385 km53 miles46 nm *星期三 00:4390 km56 miles49 nm *星期三 00:4390 km56 miles49 nm *星期三 00:4393 km58 miles50 nm *星期三 00:43102 km63 miles55 nm *星期三 00:43103 km64 miles55 nm *星期三 00:43104 km64 miles56 nm *星期三 00:43104 km65 miles56 nm *星期三 00:43107 km66 miles58 nm *星期三 00:43109 km68 miles59 nm *星期三 00:43109 km68 miles59 nm *星期三 00:43109 km68 miles59 nm *星期三 00:43113 km70 miles61 nm *星期三 00:43115 km72 miles62 nm *星期三 00:43116 km72 miles63 nm *星期三 00:43118 km73 miles63 nm 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miles4693 nm星期三 08:438838 km5492 miles4772 nm星期三 06:139118 km5666 miles4924 nm星期三 07:439210 km5723 miles4973 nm星期二 20:439306 km5782 miles5025 nm星期三 01:439317 km5789 miles5031 nm星期三 06:439330 km5797 miles5038 nm星期三 08:439499 km5902 miles5129 nm星期二 20:439508 km5908 miles5134 nm星期三 06:439665 km6005 miles5219 nm星期三 07:439687 km6019 miles5230 nm星期三 07:439808 km6095 miles5296 nm星期二 20:4311.117 km6908 miles6002 nm星期三 06:4311.861 km7370 miles6405 nmUTC (GMT/Zulu)-time: 星期二, 31 三月 :02UTC is , GMT is .Advertising
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Current local time in Liverpool, England, United Kingdom00:43:04 星期三, 1 四月 2015◢Country:
United KingdomConstituent country:
England (ENG)Lat/long:
53°25'N / 3°00'WCurrency:
Pound Sterling (GBP)Languages:
EnglishDial Codes:
+44 - ×Holiday Note: . Businesses may be closed. Weather6&°CScattered showers. Passing clouds.7 / 8&°C星期四 2.6 / 9&°C星期五 3.8 / 10&°CWeather by CustomWeather, & 20157 hours behindNanchang06:46↑ 81° East19:47↑ 279° West13 hours+4m 13s longerSet & 05:35Rise & 16:50Advertising
Sun in South: 13:16Altitude: 41,1°04:42 & 05:2821:05 & 21:5205:28 & 06:1120:22 & 21:0506:11 & 06:4619:47 & 20:22First Quarter27 三月 201507:44Full Moon4 四月 201513:07Tools & ConvertersCalendar & HolidaysUpcoming HolidaysAirportsLiverpool John Lennon Airport (LPL)About 14&km SE of LiverpoolManchester Airport (MAN)About 49&km E of LiverpoolBlackpool International Airport (BLK)About 40&km N of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited KingdomCopyright & TAXI Global™
天津新港 Tianjin Xingang至Liverpool, United Kingdom 利物浦,英国 集装箱海运业务
迪士国际货运代理提供天津新港 Tianjin Xingang至Liverpool, United Kingdom 利物浦,英国,20尺/40尺/40尺高集装箱整箱海运运价咨询,订舱,运输.From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about development of the banking industry.
For banks operating in the United Kingdom, see .
Banking in the United Kingdom can be considered to have started in the
in the 17th century. The first activity in what later came to be known as banking was by
who, after the dissolution of English
by , began to accumulate significant stocks of gold.
Many goldsmiths were associated with
but, following seizure of gold held at the
by , they extended their services to gentry and aristocracy as the Royal Mint was no longer considered a safe place to keep gold.
Goldsmiths came to be known as ‘keepers of running cash’ and they accepted gold in exchange for a receipt as well as accepting written instructions to pay back, even to third parties. This instruction was the forerunner to the modern
Around 1650, a cloth merchant,
opened the first provincial bank in .
During 1694 the
was founded.
The Governor and Company of the
was established by an
on 17 July 1695, the Act for erecting a Bank in Scotland, opening for business in February 1696. Although established soon after the , the Bank of Scotland was a very different institution. Where the Bank of England was established specifically to finance defence spending by the
government, the Bank of Scotland was established by the
to support , and was prohibited from lending to the government without parliamentary approval. The founding Act granted the bank a
in Scotland for 21 years, permitted the bank's directors to raise a nominal capital of ?1,200,000
(?100,000 ), gave the Proprietors (shareholders) , and in the final clause (repealed only in 1920) made all foreign-born Proprietors naturalised Scotsmen "to all Intents and Purposes whatsoever".
was one of the bank's founders. Its first chief accountant was .
During this period, services offered by banks increased. Clearing facilities, security investments and
protections were introduced. An
in 1708 restricted banks with more than six partners from issuing bank notes. This had the effect of keeping private banks as small partnerships.
investment companies were already well established, but joint stock banks did not become well established until the following century.
and growing international trade increased the number of banks, especially in London. These new "merchant banks" facilitated trade growth, profiting from England's emerging dominance in seaborne shipping. Two immigrant families,
and , established merchant banking firms in London in the late 18th century and came to dominate world banking in the next century.
Many merchant banks were also established outside of London, especially in growing industrial and port cities like , ,
and . By 1784, there were more than 100 provincial banks. The industrialist turned banker[] could assist his own industry since he not only provided a local means of payment, but also accepted deposits. Here we have a parallel with the early goldsmith banking.
A great impetus to country banking came in 1797 when, with England threatened by war, the Bank of England suspended cash payments. A handful of Frenchmen landed in , causing a panic. Shortly after this incident, Parliament authorised the
and country bankers to issue notes of low denomination.
On 23 October 1826 a new joint stock bank, Lancaster Banking Company, was formed. However earlier that year the Bristol Old bank had converted from a private to a joint stock bank, making it the first joint stock bank. This was quickly followed by other institutions such as the Manchester & Liverpool District Banking Company and the . The National Provincial was the first bank to be considered a truly national bank with twenty branches across England and Wales.
In 1844 the government introduced the
to regulate the issuing of bank notes. Two banking collapses, one in 1866 and another in 1878 caused significant reputation damage but in consequence record keeping and accounting improved. The resulting new organisations became huge bureaucracies with a board of directors, general manager, secretary and an army of accounting clerks.
In 1896 twenty smaller private banks formed a new joint-stock bank. The leading partners of the new bank, which was named Barclay and Company, were already connected by a web of family, business and religious relationships. The company became known as the Quaker Bank, because this was the family tradition of the founding families. This bank eventually became .
With the outbreak of war banking flourished and the so-called ‘’Big Five’’ commenced a series of takeovers and mergers. These banks, , , ,
were eventually reined in by government control.[]
Between the wars, there was a decline to match the general depression of the time. But the banks fought back by taking action to recruit less wealthy customers and by introducing small saving schemes.
It would take until 1950 for real recovery where there was a huge increase in provincial branch offices and the emergence of the high street bank. Relaxation of some controls over mergers and acquisitions led to
in the 1960s in which the Big Five became the Big Four, along with the takeover of several regional banks (, , ,
and ). At the same time the government launched a new banking service, the . In 1976 the Banking Act increased the supervisory role of the .
Introduction of computing, credit cards and many new services continued to drive the expansion of banks and as deregulation was introduced competitiveness increased. Banks improved services, refurbished antiquated premises and brought in further technology such as .
Currently banks in the United Kingdom have refined their services with most offering very similar services being distinguished only by offering different interest rates. Indeed a very recent trend has been to not advertise interest rates as this avoids the banks having to offer such advertised rates to at least 60% of their customers.
In 2006 the
found that the banks were exploiting penalty
on credit cards and has suggested that banks restrict such penalty to a maximum of 12 UK pounds. Penalty charges or
are illegal in UK contract law unless they represent the real cost of a breach of contract incurred through an unauthorised overdraft level or .
This ruling by the OFT had been extended by many customers to their personal bank accounts and subsequently the UK small claims court system was flooded with cases of customers reclaiming these ‘illegal’ penalties. It had been reported that nearly 1.8 million template letters to take the banks to court had been downloaded from the website . In October 2009 the
overturned previous rulings allowing the OFT to investigate overdraft charges, bringing to an end such claims. Although initially the OFT said it would look at other ways to pursue the matter in November that year it decided not to continue with further action.
Heads of major British banks met with the governor of the
following days of market pressure on lenders' stocks. The
told after the 20 March 2008-meeting that participants had "agreed to continue their close dialogue with the objective of restoring more orderly market conditions."
As of 11 October 2008, the British banks have short-term liabilities equal to 156% of the British
or 368% of the British national debt, while the average leverage ratio (assets/net worth) is 24 to 1.
The Banking Reform 2014 is the greatest development within the UK financial services, calling for a paradigmatic shift toward the principle adopted by the US of risk aversive strategies. This manifests itself in the form of "ring-fencing" retail banks to protect consumers and by creating requirements for certain amounts of capital to be retained to act as a buffer against market instability. This reform is set to support the strengthening economy and is a response to the 2008 financial crisis.
History of the
. BBC News. 25 November 2009.
Wearden, G Collinson, Patrick (22 December 2009). . The Guardian (London).
Norris, Floyd (11 October 2008). . The New York Times 2010.
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