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高二英语Unit 13　Albert Einstein
高二英语Unit 13　Albert Einstein
　　Ⅰ.Words and Phrases　　　　Ⅱ.Everyday English
　　Is it...?
　　No,it's not him/her
　　Is he/she...?
　　Who is he/she?
　　What did he do?
　　It must be him/her...
　　Ⅲ.Grammar
　　Learn the use of Noun clauses as the subject.
　　Ⅳ.Language Use
　　Around the text,using what we have learned in this unit,teachers and students should complete the tasks of listening,speaking and writing which textbook and workbook provide.Reading material the &Albert Einstein&should be further understood and concerned exercises should be completed.Let the students know about the greatest scientist of the 20th century-Albert Einstein and his discoveries and theories and learn from his spirit of devoting his life to science and loving peace passionately.
　　Ⅴ.Teaching Times
　　Four periods
Background Information
　　Albert Einstein
　　Albert Einstein was born in Ulm,Germany,in 1879.He was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone.He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read.But he was interested in how things worked.When Albert was five years old,his father gave him a compass(指南针).The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed to the north.He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move.Their answers about magnetism(磁性)and gravity were difficult for the boy to understand.But he spent much time thinking about them.
　　Albert did not like school.The German schools of that time were not pleasant.Students could not ask questions.Albert said he felt as if he were in prison.Albert told his uncle Jacob how much he hated school,especially algebra and geometry(代数和几何).His uncle told him to solve mathematical problems by pretending to be a policeman.&You are looking for someone,&he said,&but you do not know whom.Call him'x'.Find him by using the mathematical tools of algebra and geometry.&Uncle Jacob's game made a big difference in Albert's schoolwork.He learned to love mathematics.Albert solved all the problems in his algebra
book.He was studying calculus(微积分)when all his friends were still studying simple mathematics.
　　Einstein won a Nobel Prize in physics in the year 1921.He received the award not for his Theory of Relativity,but for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect(光电效应).This law explained how and why some metals give off electrons after light falls on their surfaces.This discovery led to the development of modern electronics,including radio and television.
　　Einstein left Germany when Adolph Hitler came into power in 1933 and came to the United States to continue his research.He worked at the institute for advanced study in Princeton.New Jersey.Einstein spent the last twenty-five years of his life working on what he called the unified field theory.He hoped to find a common mathematical statement that could tie together all the different fields of physics.It was the work that Einstein never completed.In 1955,Albert Einstein died.He was seventy-six years old then.
　　Lesson 49
　　Teaching Aims:
　　1.Learn and master the following:
　　(1)Four skills:ruler
　　(2)Three skills:communist,professor
　　2.Everyday English
　　Is it...?
　　No,it's not him/her.
　　Is he/she...?
　　Who is he/she?
　　What did he do?
　　It must be him/her....
　　Teaching Important Points:
　　How to guess who a person is.
　　Teaching Difficult Points:
　　How to use&puzzle&and &compare notes&.
　　Teaching Methods:
　　1.Listening-and-answering activity to help the Ss to go through with the dialogue.
　　2.Pair work and group work to make every student work in class.
　　Teaching Aids:
　　1.a tape recorder
　　2.a projector
　　3.the blackboard
　　Teaching Procedures:
　　Step Ⅰ. Greetings and Lead-in
　　T:Good morning/afternoon,everyone.
　　Ss:Good morning/afternoon,teacher.
　　T:Sit down,please.Now the Spring Festival has just passed by.The new term has begun.Maybe you all had a good time and got lots of lucky money from your parents and relatives.Yes or no?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:What are you going to do with the money,you can think about it for a while,OK?
　　(After a while,teacher asks the Ss to answer.)
　　T:Now what are you going to do with your lucky money?Who wants to talk about your own idea?
　　S1:I want to use the money to go for an outing on holidays.
　　S2:I want to buy nice clothes with the money.
　　S3:I'm going to buy some reference books with the money.　　...　　T:OK.All of your ideas are very good.Maybe you should also buy some books about scientists,you can learn a lot from them.Now I want you to write the names of as many famous scientists as you know on a piece of paper.Of course,you'd better write down the necessary information about them.After a while,I'll ask some of you to read out the information for the others and let them guess who the information is about.Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:(After a while)Now who'd like to read out the information about some scientist?
　　S4:I'd like to.
　　S4:This man was a great scientist of physics in the world.He was born in Germany in 1879.He loved peace and hated war.He moved to the USA and spent the last part of his life there.He was famous for the theory of relativity.
　　T:The other students guess who the information is about,please.
　　Ss:It's about Albert Einstein.
　　T:Yes or no,S4?
　　S4:Yes.
　　Step Ⅱ.Preparation for Dialogue
　　T:OK.Today we are going to listen to a dialogue--Four American students are talking about famous people.Before we listen to the dialogue,we should learn some new words.
　　(Show the now words on the screen,then give a brief introduction to the students and then let them read the words after the tape.)　　　　Step Ⅲ. Dialogue
　　T:OK.Let's listen to the dialogue.Listen carefully and try to remember some information.After that,I'll ask you two simple questions.
　　(Teacher plays the tape recorder.After that,teacher asks the Ss the following questions.)
　　T:Who are the four famous people in the dialogue?
　　Ss:They are Lincoln,Marx,Bell and Einstein.
　　T:What are they?
　　(Teacher helps the Ss sum up what they are and writes the following on the blackboard.)
　　(Bb:Lincoln:a president of the USA
　　Marx:a great communist
　　Bell:the inventor of the telephone
　　Einstein:a famous professor of physics)
　　T:Now open your books.Turn to Page 1.Please read the dialogue.If you have some difficulty in understanding the dialogue,you can ask me.
　　(Teacher goes among the Ss to help the Ss understand some difficult sentences.After a while,the teacher explains some common difficult language points to the Ss.)
　　T:Now I'll explain some difficult language points.Please look at the screen.
　　(Show the following on the screen and explain them)
　　1.compare notes (with sb.about/on sth.):talk about each other's ideas or opinions.
　　e.g.They are comparing notes on their trip to China.
　　Mother likes to compare notes with Mrs Black about cooking.
　　2.a word puzzle:a puzzle in which you have to work out the missing words.
　　3.That fits the puzzle!:The name(Albert Einstein)is just the one that I was looking for to complete the puzzle.
　　4.puzzle　(1)n. problem designed to test a person's knowledge,question or problem difficult to understand or answer.
　　e.g.The boy is doing a word puzzle in the newspaper.
　　How life began is still a puzzle to the scientists.
　　(2)v. make sb.feel helpless and uncertain in the effort to explain sth.
　　e.g.The murder case continued to puzzle the police.
　　She was puzzled what to do next.
　　Step Ⅳ. Listening and Practice
　　(Play the tape for the Ss to listen to and repeat.Ask them to pay attention to the expressions that they may use to guess who a person is.Then let the Ss practise the dialogue in groups of four.)
　　T:Listen to the tape again.This time you can read the dialogue after the tape with your books open.You should pay attention to the expressions that you may use to guess who a person is.Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:Please tell me what expressions we can use to guess who a person is.
　　Ss:Is it...?
　　No,it is not him/her.
　　Is she/he...?
　　Who is he/she?
　　What did he/she do?
　　It must be him/her...
　　T:(Teacher collects the answers and writes them on the blackboard.Then say the following.)OK.Now read the dialogue aloud in groups of four.While reading,you should try to learn the dialogue by heart.
　　(Teacher goes among the Ss to help them correct their pronunciation.)
　　Now I'll ask some groups to act out the dialogue before the class.Which group would like to act?Oh.Yeah,your group.
　　Ss:....
　　Step Ⅴ. Guessing game
　　T:Now let's play a guessing game.This game is played in groups of four.One in the group can first think of a famous scientist,then write the name on a piece of paper.Fold it so that it can not be seen.The others in the group try to guess who he/she is.The person who writes down the name only answers&Yes&or&No&.You can start like this:
　　A:Is the person a man?
　　C:It must be a woman.
　　B:Yes.
　　D:Is she alive?
　　A:Is she Chinese?
　　C:Is she Poland?
　　B:Yes.　　...　　Questions and answers will go till one of the group guesses the name correctly.The winner will take the place of the person answering the questions.That is to say,it's the winner's turn to write down the famous person's name.Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:Now let's begin.
　　(Teacher goes among the Ss while the Ss are playing the guessing game.After that,teacher and the Ss do the other game together.)
　　T:Now let's play the other game.I'll read the descriptions of some famous people and then you guess who they are.Do you understand?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:Listen carefully.The man was born in Kentucky,the USA on February 12,1809.He became President of the USA in 1860.He worked very hard all his life for the freedom of the black slaves.He was shot in a theatre by his enemy on April 14,1865.Who is he?
　　Ss:He is Abraham Lincoln.
　　T:Very good.The next game.The man was born in Shaoshan,Hunan province on December 26,1893.He made great contributions to China's revolution and construction.He is regarded as one of the great political leaders in the world.Who is he?
　　Ss:He is Mao Zedong.
　　T:Right.The last game.The woman was born in Poland,1867,died in 1934.She was a chemist and physicist and won two Nobel Prizes for her work on radioactivity and her discovery of polonium and radium.Who is she?
　　Ss:She is Madame Curie.
　　Step Ⅵ.Workbook
　　T:OK.Please turn to Page 73.Let's do Ex.2.Please do it in your workbooks with a pencil.In three minutes,I'll check your answers.
　　Suggested answers:
　　Ex.2.(1)Who will go to the station to meet you?
　　(2)Which team will win the game/match?
　　(3)Whether he can get the air tickets for us?
　　(4)How we can improve our work?
　　(5)What he told me last night?
　　(6)When they will start the project?
　　(7)Why we stopped publishing that magazine?
　　Step Ⅶ. Summary and Homework
　　T:Today we've learnt a dialogue.You should master the expressions used to guess who a person is.And we've learnt the use of the word&puzzle&and the phrase&compare notes&.We also revise the subject clause.Now homework for you:1.Learn the useful expressions by heart.2.Preview the next lesson-Lesson 50.
　　Step Ⅷ.The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
　　Lesson 49
　　Lincoln:a president of the USA.
　　Marx:a great communist.
　　Bell:the inventor of the telephone.
　　Einstein:a famous professor of physics
　　Expressions used to guess who a person is:
　　Is it ...?　No,it's not him/her.
　　Is she/he...?　Who is he/she?
　　What did he/she do?It must be him /her...
　　Step Ⅸ.Record after Teaching
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　Lesson 50
　　Teaching Aims:
　　1.Learn and master the following:
　　(1)Words and phrases:worldwide,right(n.),peace,go on with,the First World War,be content to do sth.,lead to,learn...all by oneself,be full of,live a...life.
　　(2)Sentence patterns:
　　A:By the time he was fourteen years old,he had learned maths all by himself.
　　B:Such was Albert Einstein,a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.
　　2.Enable the Ss to talk in English about all Albert Einstein's life.
　　3.Further study note making.
　　4.Develop the students' reading ability.
　　Teaching Important Points:
　　1.Improve the students' reading ability.
　　2.Master the sentence pattern:Such was Albert Einstein,a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.
　　Teaching Difficult Points:
　　1.Phrases:go on with sth.,be content to do sth.
　　2.Sentence pattern:Pron+predicate verb.+subject+other elements.(such+be+subject)
　　Teaching Methods:
　　1.Fast reading to find out the general information about the passage.
　　2.Question-and-answer activity to help the students to go through the whole passage.
　　3.Pair work or group work to make every student work in class.
　　Teaching Aids:
　　1.a multimedia　
　　2.a tape-recorder
　　3.the blackboard
　　Teaching Procedures:
　　Step Ⅰ. Greeting
　　Greet the whole class as usual.
　　Step Ⅱ. Revision and Lead-in
　　T:Yesterday we learned a dialogue about four American students talking about famous people.Do you know which famous people were mentioned?
　　(Teacher asks one student to answer.)
　　S:Abraham Lincoln,Karl Marx,Alexander Bell and Albert Einstein.
　　T:Right.Now I'll show you a short play.Watch carefully and tell me whom it is about.
　　(Teacher plays the VCD about a famous professor-Albert Einstein for the students.)
　　T:What is the man like.
　　Ss:He is a funny-looking man.He was short.He had a big nose,a short thick moustache and deep-set eyes.
　　T:What do you think he is doing?
　　Ss:He was staring,thinking.
　　T:What happened to him when he was thinking?
　　Ss:He almost knocked down a girl before he saw her.
　　T:Who do you think he is?
　　Ss:Albert Einstein.
　　T:Yes.The man is Albert Einstein-the greatest scientist of the 20th century.Today we are going to read about Albert Einsten's life and his work.First let's learn the new words.
　　Step Ⅲ. Presentation for Reading
　　(Show the new words on the screen and give the Ss a brief explanation.And then let the Ss read them after the tape.After that,teacher begins to deal with the next.)　　　　T:Now open your books,please.Turn to Page 2.Look at the picture.The person in it is Albert Einstein-the 20th century's greatest scientist.Now I'll give you four minutes to read the passage quickly and silently.Then try to answer the two questions on top of Page 2.
　　(After a while,teacher checks the answers to the two questions.)
　　T:Li Lin,you try to answer the first question:What scientific work is Einstein famous for?
　　S:Scientific research.
　　T:Right.Scientific research or new discoveries in physics.What about the second question:Where did he spend the last part of his life?Wang Yan.
　　S:At a university in the USA.
　　T:Very good.Thank you.
　　Step Ⅳ.Reading
　　T:Now I give you another four minutes to read the passage carefully.And then answer some detailed questions on the screen.If necessary,you can discuss them in pairs or groups.Now begin.
　　(Show the following questionnaire on the screen.)
　　A Questionnaire
　　1.When and where was Einstein born?
　　2.How did Einstein manage to Study at university in Switzerland?
　　3.Why was the period between 1905 and 1915 an important one for Einstein?
　　4.What was he given for his scientific research in physics in 1921?
　　5.Did Einstein care for money?How do you know?
　　6.What else did he work for besides his scientific research?
　　7.Why was he so fond of music?
　　8.What kind of person do you think Einstein was?
　　9.What can we learn from Albert Einstein?
　　Suggested answers:
　　1.Albert Einstein was born in Germany on March 14,1879.
　　2.He worked as a teacher,then in government office to earn enough money to continue his studies.
　　3.Because he began the research and studies which led to his discoveries in physics.
　　4.In 1921 he was given the Nobe1 Prize for Physics.
　　5.No,he didn't.He had been invited to teach at a university in USA.He accepted the job but asked for little money.He once refused to speak on the radio for $1 000 a minute.Another time someone saw him using a cheque for $1 500 as a bookmark.
　　6.Besides his scientific research,he spent a lot of time working for human rights and progress.
　　7.Because he thought he could find in music the peace which was missing in a world full of wars and killings.
　　8.Einstein was a simple man.He was interested in scientific research.He devoted all his life to it.His discoveries and theories have greatly influenced science in many fields.
　　9.Albert Einstein was a great scientist.He didn't care for money and took great interest in scientific research.He was independent and managed to continue his studies.We can learn a lot from him.We should study and work as he did.
　　T:OK.Now you have understood the detailed information.Maybe you find some sentences hard to understand.Well,I'll explain them to you.
　　(Show the following on the screen.)
　　Phrases:
　　1.all by oneself:completely alone
　　e.g.He worked out the problem all by himself.The girl dare not stay at home all by herself.
　　2.get along with:to have a fto progress in something you are doing.
　　e.g.How are you getting along with your study?
　　We're getting along well with our neighbours.
　　3.be content to do sth.:to be happy and satisfied to do sth.
　　be content with:be satisfied with
　　e.g.Mr
Jack is content to remain where he is now.
　　She is content to stay in his present job.
　　The baby is content with the new toy.
　　4.earn money:to receive a particular amount of money for the work that you do.
　　e.g.In America many young people take part-time jobs in order to earn some money.
　　5.lead to:①result in ②reach a place
　　e.g.Hard work will always lead you to success.
　　There is only one path leading to the church.
　　Sentence patterns:
　　1.By the time he was fourteen years old,he had learned maths all by himself.
　　e.g.By the time we got to the cinema,the film had begun.
　　2.Such was Albert Einstein,a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.
　　e.g.Such is my hope.
　　Such are his words.
　　(Write the five phrases and the two sentence patterns on the blackboard.)
　　T:You should pay more attention to the two sentence patterns.1.Preposition+noun+the attributive clause,+subject+the past perfect tense+other elements.2.pron.+predicate verb.+subject +other elements.
　　(Pointing to the two sentence patterns.)
　　Step Ⅴ.Study and Note making
　　T:OK.Read the passage again.This time you should pay attention to the words in bold in the text,while reading the passage.After a while,I'll let you tell me what these words stand for.You may write your answers in the spaces in Part 3.Do you understand?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　(Teacher goes among the Ss to help the Ss correct the mistakes.Three minutes later,the teacher says the following.)
　　T:Now.Time is up.Let's look at the words in bold.Look at the first word-himself.Now you know&himself&stands for&Einstein&.
　　(Teacher and Ss say together.)How about the second word-it?Li Qiang,you try,please.
　　S:&It&stands for &to get along with the other boys.&
　　T:Right.Look at the next word....
　　Suggested answers:
　　3.in Switzerland　4.the pay　5.at university　6.period　7.the research and studies　8.the peace
　　T:OK.Now let's deal with Part 2 in the work.Firthen you can discuss it in pairs.At last,I'll check the answers with the whole class.
　　　Suggested answers:
　　Name:Albert Einstein.
　　Born:In Germany on March 14th,1879.
　　Died:On April 18th,1955
　　Studied:From the age of 17 in Switzerland.
　　Worked:First as a teacher,then in a government office.
　　Doctor's degree received:In 1905.
　　Scientific research:Between 1905 and 1915 he began the research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics.
　　Interests:Loving music and making music with friends.
　　What he got for his new discoveries:The Nobel Price.
　　Moved to the USA:In 1933.
　　Step Ⅵ. Consolidation
　　T:OK.Now close your books and look at the screen.Listen to the tape of the text.After that,write some main events that happened to Einstein in the following years.Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:OK.First listen carefully,then you can write.
　　(When playing the tape,teacher shows the following on the screen.After a while,check the answers with the whole class.)
　　From 1895 on:
　　Suggested answers:
　　1879:He was born in Germany.
　　From 1895 on:He studied at university in Switzerland.
　　1905:He received a doctor's degree.
　　1921:He won the Nobel Prize for Physics.
　　1933:He and his family left Europe for the USA.
　　1940:He took American nationality.
　　1955:He died in the USA.
　　Step Ⅶ. Practice
　　T：Now look at Part 4 on Page 3.Fill in the gaps with prepositions and adverbs.Do it all by yourself,then discuss them in pairs.At last I'll check the answers.
　　Suggested answers:
　　1)off　2)on　3)to　4)of　5)with　6)of7)up
　　(After that,teacher says the following.)
　　T:Now let's do an exercise.Look at the screen.
　　(Show the following on the screen)
　　Complete the sentences with receive or accept.
　　1.Einstein__________worldwide praise for his scientific research in the field of physics.
　　2.At last the man__________the invitation to the international medical conference.
　　3.It was a pity that he refused to __________the professor's advice.
　　4.As soon as she reached home,she __________a telephone call from her mother.
　　5.&Have you __________a letter from your parents?&She asked me.
　　6.She must be very pleased to __________these presents from her uncle.
　　7.I'm afraid I can't__________your money,but the flowers.
　　T:We have learnt the difference between &receive& and &accept& before.Do you still remember what it is?Who can tell me?Wang Li,you try.
　　S:&Receive&means&get something sent to you&,while&accept&means&take something offered to you willingly.&
　　T:Very good.Do it by yourself.After a short while,I'll check the answers.
　　Suggested answers:
　　1.received　2.accepted　3.accept 4.received　5.received　6.receive7.accept
　　Step Ⅷ. Workbook
　　T:Now，turn to Page 74.Look at Ex.3.Translate the sentences into English,using besides or except.
　　Suggested answers：
　　Ex.3(1)I can do everything at home except cooking.
　　(2)She helps with cooking and washing besides looking after the child.
　　(3)All of us,except Wang Ling,will go to the evening party.
　　(4)Three other people also won the prize besides Li Dong.
　　(5)She is fond of arts and music besides sports.
　　(6)He is all right with all his lessons except maths.
　　Step Ⅸ. Homebook
　　T:OK.Today we have learned something about Elbert Einstein's life and work.You should read the text again and again after class so that you can recite it.At the same time,you should preview Lesson 51.Now class is over.Bye.
　　Ss:Bye.
　　Step Ⅹ.The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
　　Lesson 50
　　Phrases:
　　all by oneself,get along with
　　be content to do sth.,be content with sth.
　　go on with,lead to
　　Sentence Patterns:
　　1.By the time he was fourteen years old,he had learned maths all by himself.
　　2.Such was Albert Einstein,a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.
　　Step Ⅺ. Record after Teaching
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　Lesson 51
　　Teaching Aims:
　　1.Learn and master the following:
　　Four skills:work out,stick(vi.),stick to,rule
　　Three skills:prove bend,respect,leading,sadness,take sides(in),fuel
　　2.Further understand Albert Einstein.
　　3.Improve the students' reading ability.
　　4.Grammar:
　　Learn the use of Noun Clause as the subject.
　　Teaching Important Points:
　　1.Train the students' reading ability.
　　2.Master the use of the following expression:work out,stick to,take sides.
　　3.Learn the use of Noun Clause as the subject.
　　Teaching Difficult Points:
　　How to choose the connectives introducing the subject clause.
　　Teaching Methods:
　　1.Fast-reading to find out the general information about the text.
　　2.Pair work or individual work to make every student work in class.
　　3.True or false to go through with the text.
　　Teaching Aids:
　　1.a tape recorder
　　2.a projector
　　3.the blackboard
　　Teaching Procedures:
　　Step Ⅰ. Greetings and Revision
　　Greet the whole class as usual.
　　T:In the last lesson we learned the passage about the life and work of Albert Einstein.Now
I'll show you some sentences about Einstein.Please tell me whether the statements are true or false.If they are false,collect them,please.Look at the screen.
　　(Show the following on the screen)
　　1.Einstein was born in Switzerland.
　　2.He didn't enjoy school very much.
　　3.He was given the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1921.
　　4.He was never very interested in earning lots of money.
　　5.He married three times and had many friends.
　　6.He died in 1855.
　　Suggested answers:
　　1.False.Einstein was born in Germany.
　　2.True.
　　3.False.He was given the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921.
　　4.True.
　　5.False.He married twice and had many friends.
　　6.False.He died in 1955.
　　Step Ⅱ. Preparation for reading
　　T:OK.Today we are going to read something more about Elbert Einstein.Before we read it,we will learn some new words on the screen.
　　(Show the words on the screen.)　　　　Step Ⅲ. Reading
　　T:Now,I'll give you three minutes to read the passage quickly and try to find the answer to this question:Why did Einstein leave Europe?
　　T:Who'd like to answer this question:Why did Einstein leave Europe?Any volunteers?
　　S:Because it's not safe to remain there.
　　T:Yeah,you are right.Now please read the passage again.This time you should read carefully to find out some detailed information about Einstein.
　　(After a while,teacher shows the sentences on the screen)
　　Tell if the following sentences are true or false.
　　1.Einstein proved that light travelled through space in a straight line.
　　2.Einstein's discovery was completely new at that time.
　　3.Many of the scientists did not accept Einstein's scientific ideas of first.
　　4.Einstein had to stop his research because he couldn't prove his ideas.
　　5.By 1919 he quickly became world-famous because the scientists who had been watching the stars supported his work.
　　6.He took Swiss nationality in 1909 in order to study there.
　　7.He hated war and he thought fighting and killing in wars was wrong.
　　8.Germany was ruled by Hitler during the First World War.
　　9.Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA in 1933 because he was afraid of being killed in the war.
　　Suggested answers:
　　True:2、3、5、7　
　　False:1、4、6、8、9
　　T:Now,I'll explain some words and phrases in the passage.Look at the screen,please.
　　 (Show the following on the screen.)
　　1.It appears to sb that...:It seems to sb that...
　　e.g.It appeared to me that she enjoyed the food very much.
　　It appeared to me that what they said was right.
　　2.work out:to calculate or solve sth.
　　e.g.Sorry,I can't work out this maths problem.
　　He was working out the code messages.
　　3.stick to:refuse to change
　　e.g.After the marriage,the couple will stick to each other all their lives.
　　One should always stick to his promise.
　　4.take sides(in sth.with sb.):support sb.or be on the same side with sb.
　　e.g.Be fair!You can't take sides in the competition.
　　The judges were careful not to take sides for fear of getting into trouble.
　　〔Bb:work out,stick to,take sides(with sb.in sth.)〕
　　Step Ⅳ. Listening and Interview
　　T:Now listen to the tape of the text and try to remember everything.(After listening.)Now let's have an interview.Work in pairs.One of you plays the role of a journalist and the other plays Einstein.The journalist is interviewing Einstein some questions in Part 2 on Page 4.And &Einstein&answers them without looking at the text.After that you may change roles and repeat the interview.Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:Now let's begin to practise.Now who'd like to give your performance before class.
　　SA and SB:We'd like to.
　　T:OK.SA,you act as a journalist.SB,you play the part of Albert Einstein.
　　SA and SB:Yes.
　　(Journalist:J;Einstein:E)
　　J:What was your most important piece of research?
　　E:It was about light.I found light coming from the stars was bent as it passed the sun.
　　J:What did you prove in your research?
　　E:I proved how much the light would be bent and how far the stars would appear to have moved.
　　J:Do scientists believe you now?
　　E:Yes,they believe me now.
　　J:What do you think of war?
　　E:I think the war is a terrible thing.
　　J:Why did you leave Germany?
　　E:It was not safe to remain there.Because I was a Jew and in the 1930s life started to be very dangerous for Jew.
　　J:Why did you go to live in the USA?
　　E:Because they offered me a good job as professor of physics.
　　J:What do you enjoy doing in your spare time?
　　E:Making music.
　　Step Ⅴ.Language Study and Practice
　　T:Thanks for your performance.Now look at the sentences on the blackboard.
　　Bb:a What does he want?　　　　T:Who can tell me the differences between the two sentences.Any volunteers?Yeah,Lu Lin,please.
　　S:The first sentence is a simple question,with a question mark at the end,while the second sentence is not a question but an affirmative sentence.That's all.
　　T:Right.Now let's look at the component parts of the sentence b.(Teacher and students together show the subject,verb,predicative on the Bb.)&What he wants&is the subject in the sentence b.The subject is a sentence,so we call it subject clause.Look at another group sentences on the blackboard.
　　(Bb:c)When will he go to Beijing?)　　　　T:The sentence c is a simple question while the sentence d is not a question but an affirmative sentence.Look at the component parts of the sentence d.What's the subject of it?
　　Ss:&When he will go to Beijing&is the subject.
　　T:Yes....(Show the component parts of the sentence on the blackboard.)
　　T:Note in the subject clause,the word order should be &Connective+subject+verb&.To make the sentence balanced,we often change the sentence d into the sentence e
　　(Bb:e:It is uncertain when he will go to Beijing.)
　　In this sentence,&it&is the formal subject,which replaces the real subject(When he will go to Beijing),that is at the end of the sentence.Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:OK.Look at Part 3 on Page 5.Translate the sentences into Chinese.The first sentence,Wang Yin.
　　S:他所希望看到的是世界一切军队的消亡。
　　T：Right.The second sentence,Li Hua.
　　S:在科学家看来，恒星好像是移动的。
　　（Deal with Part 4)
　　T:Very good.Now look at Part 4.Join two parts to make as many sentences as possible.You may do them like this:What he discovered was unknown.What he discovered was completely new.Do you understand?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　(Give them two minutes to practise and then ask some students to make sentences.One student,one sentence.)
　　Suggested answers:
　　1.a/b　2.a/d　3.a/d　4.a/c/d/f　5.c/f　6.e/g　7.e/g
　　Step Ⅵ.Consolidation
　　T:Please look at Part 5.Let's do another exercise.First read the words in the box.Then choose a suitable connective to complete the sentence.Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:OK.You can do the exercise by yourselves.Then I'll check the answers.
　　Suggested answers:
　　1.Whether　2.How　3.Who　4.What5.Where　6.When　7.Why　8.Which/What　9.What　10.Whether11.that　12.When,where
　　Step Ⅶ.Workbook
　　T:Now turn to Page 75.Let's do the exercises.First look at plete the sentences,using the Predicative clause.You can do it orally.
　　(Later the teacher checks the answers with the whole class)
　　Suggested answers:
　　Ex.2.(1)Whether it is worth doing or not.
　　(2)that I forgot/have forgotten her address.
　　(3)Why she doesn't want to see you.
　　(4)Where he was born.
　　(5)What he always worries about/we are always worried about.
　　(6)that he can't afford (to buy)the big house.
　　(7)how we can reduce the noise.
　　(8)that they should improve their own spoken English first.
　　T:Now let's do Ex.3.After a while,I'll give you the answers.
　　Suggested answers:
　　Ex.3.(1)that/which　(2)who　(3)where　(4)whom/who　(5)which/that　(6)when　(7)whose（8)whom/who　(9)where　(10)when
　　Step Ⅷ.Summary and Homework
　　T:In this class,we've learned a passage about Albert Einstein.We've also learned the subject clause.You should master it.Today's homework:1.Read the passage&Albert Einstein(Ⅱ)&again and again.2.Write Ex.2 on Page 75 in your exercise books and hand them in.Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:OK.That's all for today.Class is over.See you tomorrow.
　　Ss:See you tomorrow.
　　Step Ⅸ.The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
　　Lesson 51
　　Phrases:
　　work out,stick to,take sides(with sb.in sth.)
　　Noun Clause as the Subject:
　　a.What does he want?　　　　c.When will he go to Beijing?　　　　e.It is uncertain when he will go to Beijing.
　　Step Ⅹ. Record after Teaching
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　Lesson 52
　　Teaching Aims:
　　1.Review the grammatical points and useful expressions in this unit.
　　2.Do some listening and train the Ss'listening ability.
　　3.Do some writing and train the Ss' writing ability.
　　Teaching Important Points:
　　1.Understanding of listening material.
　　2.Writing a summary of the life of somebody.
　　Teaching Difficult Points:
　　1.Improve the Ss' listening ability.
　　2.Improve the Ss'
writing ability.
　　Teaching Methods:
　　1.Individual or pair work to train the Ss' writing ability.
　　2.Listening-and-answering activity to help the Ss go through the listening material.
　　Teaching Aids:
　　1.a tape recorder
　　2.a slide projector
　　3.the blackboard
　　Teaching Procedures:
　　Step Ⅰ. Greetings and Revision
　　Greet the whole class as usual.
　　T:Yesterday we learned the subject clause.Who can tell me the word order in the subject clause?
　　S:I can.In the noun clauses,the word order should be&Conjunctive Pronouns/Adverbs.
+Subject+Predicate.&
　　T:Very good.Thank you.Which words do you know can be used to introduce the subject clause?
　　Ss:who,whose,which,when,where,why,how,that and whether.
　　T:Quite right.Now let's do an exercise.Look at the screen.
　　(Show the following on the screen)
　　Choose the correct word to complete these sentences:who/whose/which/where/when/why/
what/whether/how
　　1.__________we should invite to open the conference is a question.
　　2.__________it should last two days or three days doesn't matter.
　　3.The question is __________we shall find a hall large enough for 200 people.
　　4.__________many people will attend the conference has not been decided.
　　5.That is__________nothing has yet been organized.
　　6.It is uncertain__________we should hold the conference,in May or June.
　　7.Is __________he said really true?
　　8.The question is __________office we should use,yours or mine.
　　9.It is still unknown__________will be sent to the States.
　　10.__________so many people are interested in football is what we want to know.
　　Suggested answers:
　　1.Who/Whom　2.Whether　3.where/whether　4.How　5.why　6.when　7.what　8.whose　9.who　10.Why
　　T:In this unit,we have learned many useful expressions.You should often use them and master them.Look at the screen.
　　(Show the useful expressions on the screen)
　　Useful expressions:
　　fight for,go on with,lead to,work out,stick to,take sides,get along with,be fond of,from that time on,take away
　　T:Have you any questions about them?If you have no questions,let's do an exercise.
　　(Show the exercise on the screen)
　　Complete the sentences with the right phrases on the blackboard.
　　1.He couldn't__________his studies at London University because of the Second World War.
　　2.Einstein was a shy boy and he found it hard to__________the other boys at school.
　　3.This will__________troubles in the future if we are not careful enough now.
　　4.Although his new idea was accepted by only few people,he __________it and worked harder trying to prove it.
　　5.You make a shopping list first,and then we can__________how much money will be needed.
　　6.Women in some countries are still__________better jobs and better pay,because they are not treated as equally as men.
　　7.He used to__________drawing,but now he has to give up drawing because of his poor eyesight.
　　8.They hated wars and never__________in them.
　　9.__________he received lots of praise from scientists all over the world.
　　10.I was told that the thief was caught and __________by the people last night.
　　Suggested answers:
　　1.go on with 2.get along with 3.lead to 4.stuck to 5.work out 6.fighting for 7.be fond of 8.took sides 9.From that time on
10.taken away
　　Step Ⅱ. Preparation for Listening and Listening
　　T:OK.As we all know,Albert Einstein is the great scientist of the 20th century.We have known something about Einstein's life and his discoveries and theories.Today we are going to listen to an interview about Albert Einstein.In this interview.Albert Einstein is interviewed by a student journalist about his life in Princeton.Open your books and turn to Page 145.Look at the requirements first.
　　(Teacher goes through each task before playing the tape and makes sure the Ss understand what to do.Then teacher plays the tape three times together for the Ss.Each time the tape was played,the Ss can do an exercise.There may be some pauses for the Ss to write down their answers.Some sentences may be played more times.)
　　Listening Text.
　　In this interview Albert Einstein is interviewed by a student journalist about his life at Princeton.
　　S:Good morning,Professor Einstein.Thank you for agreeing to this interview.I would just like to ask you a few questions about your life here in Princeton.Then I can write about it in our college magazine.
　　A.E:So what would you like to know?
　　S:How long have you been in Princeton?
　　A.E:I arrived here in 1933 so I have now been here twenty years.
　　S:Why did you choose Princeton?
　　A.E:I didn't choose Princeton.Princeton chose me!They offered me a good job as professor here so I decided to accept it.
　　S:What made you decide to come to America?
　　A.E:I'm a Jew and in the 1930s in Germany life was becoming very dangerous for Jews.Although I had Swiss nationality I decided to leave Europe.
　　S:What do you like about living in Princeton,Professor?
　　A.E:It's very quiet.I can get on with my research.I have a lot of visitors.There are lots of good things about my life here.
　　S:What other interests do you have?
　　A.E:I still play music with friends.
　　S:And do you have any special friends?
　　A.E:Yes.There's Emma.She's the daughter of a friend of mine.She visits me from time to time.She brings me little cakes and I help her with her arithmetic homework.
　　Suggested answers:
　　Ex.1.(1)He wanted to write about Einstein's life in the college magazine.
　　(2)Yes.
　　Ex.2.(1)20 years.
　　(2)He was offered a glife was becoming very dangerous for Jews in Germany in the 1930s.
　　(3)It is very quiet.He can get on with his research.He has a lot of visitors.There are lots of good things about his life there.
　　(4)Music.
　　(5)He helps her with her arithmetic homework.
　　(6)Little cakes.
　　Ex.3(1)How long have you been in Princeton?
　　(2)Why did you choose Princeton?
　　(3)What made you decide to come to America?
　　(4)What do you like about living in Princeton,Professor?
　　(5)What other interests do you have?
　　(6)And do you have any special friends?
　　Step Ⅲ.Reading and Writing
　　(Deal with Part 2.)
　　T:Look at Part 2 on Page 6.Just now we listened to an interview about Einstein's life in Princeton.Now we will read a passage about Einstein's early studies.Read the passage before you start to fill.And pay attention to the sentence:He studied hard and (got) his degree at the end of his course.It means,&He studied hard and was awarded his degree by the university at the end of his course of studies.&Are you clear?
　　Ss:Yes.
　　T:OK.Please do it alone.Then discuss it in pairs.Finally I'll ask someone to read out the passage.
　　(After several minutes,teacher checks the answers with the whole class.)
　　Suggested answers:
(1)By　(2)wanted
(4)do/make
(5)was　(6)to
(7)send　(8)able (9)which (10)took/got/received
(13)as　(14)job　(15)enough　(16)to （17)on
　　Step Ⅳ. Writing
　　(Deal with Part 3)
　　T:Now look at Part 3.Writing.You are going to write a summary of the life of Albert Einstein.Work in groups of four.Each of you can write one part:HHHHis time in the USA.Read the passages in Lesson 50 and Lesson 51 again before writing.You can use the notes made in Lesson 50 and you may also add some information.
　　(Give the Ss three minutes to discuss and then begin to write.At last ask them to write it on a piece of paper and hand it in after class.)
　　Suggested answers:
　　1.His early studies
　　By the time he was fourteen,Einstein had taught himself advanced mathematics.He wanted to study physics and spend his life on research.But his family could not pay for his advanced education.However,they managed to send him to a technical school.When Einstein was seventeen,his family sent him to study in Switzerland.He studied hard and got his degree at the end of his course in 1900.After graduation,he went to work,first as a teacher,then in a government office.With the pay that he got he was able to continue his studies at the university of Zurich.In 1905 he received a doctor's degree.
　　2.His research
　　During the period between 1905 and 1915,Einstein worked on his research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics.Scientists used to believe that light travelled through space in a straight line.But Einstein proved that light coming from the stars was bent as it passed the sun.Einstein had many theories about nature.They were worked out with advanced mathematics.His theories were so advanced that few people could understand them and even fewer would accept them.But Einstein stuck to them and went on with his research.
　　3.His success
　　As time went on,Einstein's theories were proved to be correct and by 1914 he had become world-famous.His work was stopped by the First World War Ⅰ.After the was he continued his work,and won further honours.In 1921,he was given the Nobel Prize for physics.From then on,he was given one honour after another and was invited to give talks in many countries.His theories have a tremendous impact on science.Few people can compare with him.
　　Step Ⅴ.Workbook
　　T:Now,let's do Ex.2 on Page 76.Fill in the blanks with the words in this unit.Then translate it into Chinese.
　　(Give the Ss several minutes to do it.Then check the answers with the whole class.)
　　Suggested answers:
　　Ex.2.(1)shy　当要她表演节目时，她经常害羞。
　　（2)content　她很有钱。她讨厌了都市生活，因此愿意住在乡下。
　　（3)Peace　和平、友谊和进步是亚运会的精神。
　　（4)prove　你的发现虽然非常重要，但你仍需向别人证明。
　　（5)ruled　德国在希特勒的统治下颇有几年。
　　（6)respect　在不同的国家里相互理解和尊重是重要的。
　　（7)advanced　中国从一些发达国家引进先进的科技是明智的。
　　（8)technical　我们使用电脑时，经常会遇到一些技术问题。
　　（9)bookmark　书签就是一张使我们容易找到某一特殊书页而夹在书中的窄窄的卡片。
　　（10)courses　方晋问我，&这学期你选了什么科目？&
　　Step Ⅵ.Homework
　　1.Review the grammar and useful expressions in this unit again.
　　2.Do exercises in Revision.
　　3.Preview next unit～Unit14,Lesson 53
　　Step Ⅶ.The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard　　　　Lesson 52
　　Grammar:the Object Clause
　　The word order of the object clause
　　Conjunctive Pronouns/Adverbs+Subject+Predicate
　　Useful expressions:
　　fight for,go on with,lead to,work out,stick to,take sides,get along with,be fond of,from that time on,take away
　　Attachment:
　　Unit 13 Revision(Page 77)
　　Suggested answers:
　　Ex.1.(1)work out(2)stick to(3)led to
　　(4)go on with(5)fond of(6)content with(7)content to
　　Ex.2.Line 1:famous-was famous
　　Line 2:German-Germany
　　Line 3:accepted-received
　　Line 4:to the USA-for the USA
　　Line 5:However-Although
　　Line 6:to money-in money
　　Line 7:It said-It was said
　　Line 8:were missing-was missing
　　Ex.3.Pworldwide
　　Step Ⅷ.Record after Teaching
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　_______________________________
　　Reference for Teaching
　　一、异域风情
　　Einstein and his wife
　　It is well known that Einstein was the father of the famous Theory of Relativity.But do you know it owes(归功)a great deal to Marits,Einstein's former wife?
　　In 1896,17-year-old Einstein went to Zurich to study physics.There he met a girl from Hungary.They studied in the same class.The same interest brought the two together and the young man fell in love with Marits.In 1903,when Einstein
was 24 years old,he married Marits,who was 4 years older than he.
　　After their marriage,Einstein devoted himself to the research of the great theory.To give her husband more help,Marits gave up her own work,and became a good wife and assistant.She tried her best to encourage him whenever possible and she was sure that her husband would succeed.They often discussed the theory while walking outside or sitting together in the room.They even discussed it in their letters when one of them was away from home.
　　In 1914,the Einsteins moved to Berlin and settled there.At that time,Einstein's theory proved to be correct and he had become famous all over the world.
　　Marits was very proud of him and his success.But it was not long before the First World War broke out.Marits as well as her two sons,who were all on holiday in Switzerland,couldn't come back to Berlin.The war not only stopped Einstein's work but broke up the warm,happy family.In 1919,Einstein and Marits had to get divorced(离婚).
　　Einstein himself,however,later said that Marits was really an outstanding woman.
　　二、知识归纳
　　1.prove的用法
　　（1)用作及物动词，表示&证实，证明&（show to be true)后接名词、代词、复合宾语、宾语从句等，可用于被动语态。
　　e.g.Who can prove it?
　　谁能证实这一点？
　　The soldiers have proved their courage in battle.
　　在战斗中，士兵们证实了他们的勇气。
　　Can you prove where you were on May Day?
　　你能证明五一在什么地方吗？
　　Look at these documents.They will prove that we are telling the truth.
　　看看这些文件，它们可以证明我们讲的都是事实。
　　We proved him(to be)wrong.
　　我们证明他错了。
　　The book was proved to be very useful.
　　这本书被证实是有用的。
　　（2)用作连系动词，意思是&（后来)被证明是或表明是&（be found to be,turn out to be)接形容词、名词、不定式to be，以及of短语。
　　e.g.The theory proved correct.
　　这个理论被证明是对的。
　　The plan proved a great success.
　　这项计划结果非常成功。
　　The experiment proved to be a failure.
　　实验结果失败了。
　　This book will prove of little use to you.
　　这本书会证明对你没有什么用。
　　2.content的用法
　　(1)用作形容词，读作［k?ｎ′tent］，意思是&满意的，满足的&（satisfied,willing or ready)常用于下列句型：
　　be content to do sth.满足于做某事，甘心做某事
　　be content with sth.对......满足
　　但注意&对......很满足&用be well content，不用very修饰。
　　e.g.Are you content with your present salary?
　　你对你现在的薪水感到满意吗？
　　I should be well content to do so.
　　我很高兴这样做。
　　（2)用作动词。读作［k?ｎ′tent］,意思是&使满意，使满足&（satisfy)常用于content sb./oneself with使......满意，满足。
　　e.g.We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.
　　我们不应该仅满足于书本知识。
　　The baby contented himself with a new toy.
　　那婴儿有了新玩具就满足了。
　　（3)用作名词，读作［′k?ntent］，意为A.&内容，内部所有之物&（that which is contained in sth.)常用复数。
　　e.g.Show me the contents of your pockets.
　　让我看一下你口袋里的东西。
　　B.&（书籍、演说等)内容&［essential meaning(of a book,speech)］
　　e.g.Do you approve of the content of the article?
　　你赞同此文的内容吗？
　　3.lead的用法
　　A.用作及物动词时，常有以下几种用法：
　　（1)意思为&导致，引起&常跟复合结构。
　　e.g.Such actions lead us to distrust him.
　　他的这种行为使我们不信任他。
　　What led you to this conclusion?
　　什么使你得出这样的结论？
　　（2)意思为&带领，引导&（不能跟不定式的复合结构，只能跟副词或介词短语)
　　e.g.The girl is leading a blind man through a bridge.　
　　这个女孩正领着一位盲人过桥。
　　The woman led the girl away.
　　那女人领着女孩走了。
　　B.用作不及物动词，常有以下两种用法：
　　（1)意思为&领导、领路、带头、领先&
　　e.g.You lead and we'll follow.
　　你打头，我们跟着你。
　　Which team is leading in the relay race?
　　这次接力赛哪个队领先了？
　　（2)意思为&通向，导致&，常与to连用。
　　e.g.All roads lead to Rome.
　　条条大路通罗马。
　　Hard work leads to success.
　　努力工作能使人成功。
　　C.常用的一些短语：
　　lead a ...life 过......生活
　　lead the way 领路，引路
　　lead...by the nose 牵着......的鼻子走
　　take the lead 领先　
　　lead to 通向，导致
　　give sb.a lead 给某人一个提示
　　follow the teacher's lead 跟着老师的样子做
　　lead sb.in doing sth. 带领、领导某人干某事
　　三、词语辨析
　　1.go on with,go on doing,go on to do
　　(1)go on with sth.&继续某事&,指片刻休息或停顿后，又接着做同一件事。
　　e.g.After a short while,he went on with his work.　
　　过了一会儿，他继续工作。
　　（2)go on doing sth.&继续不停地做某事，一直在做&，也可表示&一件事没做完，暂停后，又继续做下去&。
　　e.g.Dr Bethune went on working throughout the night.　
　　白求恩大夫不停地工作一整夜。
　　He went on working.　
　　他继续工作。
　　（3)go on to do sth.&接着做另一件事&指的是接下去做与原来不同的一件事。
　　e.g.Having read the text,the students went on to do the exercises.
　　学生们读完课文以后，接着做练习。
　　2.besides,but,except,except for
　　(1)besides
　　a.&除......外（还有)&（即包括所除对象)
　　e.g.Besides English,I know a little Japanese.
　　除了英语外，我还懂点日语。
　　b.&除......外（没有)&当这种意义讲时，仅用于否定句中，与but,except可以互换。
　　e.g.There aren't any other people here besides(=except/but)Tom and me.
　　除了汤姆和我外，这里没有其他的人。
　　（2)but&除......之外（再没有......)&用于从整体中排除同类事物，常和all,no,nobody,anybody,nothing,anything,everything,everyone,who,where等词连用。
　　e.g.All of us went to see the film but(=except)Bob.
　　除了鲍勃一人外，我们都去看电影了。
　　Nobody was late for class but(=except)Mary.
　　除了玛丽外上课没人迟到。
　　Who but John would do such a thing?
　　除了约翰谁还会做这样的事呢？
　　注意：a.在疑问词后只用but而不用except。
　　b.but后面可以接不定式，表示&只是&&只得&。如果but前有实义动词do的各种形式，则but后跟不带to的不定式，否则，其他情况下接带to的不定式。
　　e.g.In winter a cold-blooded animal has no choice but(=except)to lie down and sleep.
　　冬天冷血动物除了躺下睡觉外，别无选择。
　　The boy did nothing but(=except)cry.
　　这个男孩只是哭。
　　（3)except&除......以外&（从整体中除去部分)它的意义和用法基本和but相同。但是except后还可跟副词、介词短语、从句等，而一般不能用but代替。
　　e.g.I looked everywhere except there.
　　除了那里，我到处都看了。
　　The window is never opened except in Summer. 　
　　除夏季外，这扇窗户从来不开。
　　I usually go to work by bike except when it rains.　
　　除了下雨，我通常骑车上班。
　　The swede stood quite still except that his lips moved slightly.
　　那个瑞典人除了嘴唇还在微微动着以外，站在那里一动不动。
　　注意：except接不定式时，其用法同but接不定式时的用法一样。
　　e.g.He wants to do nothing except take a walk now.　
　　现在，他只想去散步。
　　The soldier has no choice but to obey.
　　这位战士只有服从。
　　（4)except for&除去......一点之外&表示从某一细节方面来修正前面概括性的说法。for后的宾语一般与句子涉及的内容不属同类。
　　e.g.The coat is very beautiful except for its color.　
　　除了颜色外，这件外套很漂亮。
　　The letter is good except for some spelling mistakes.　
　　这封信写得很好，只是有一些拼写错误。
　　3.accept,receive
　　(1)accept&接受&强调主观同意/愿意接受
　　e.g.I can't accept your gift.
　　我不能接受你的礼物。
　　常见的宾语有：accept the fact，承认事实
　　accept a present/an invitation/an offer/one's opinion　
　　接受一份礼物/邀请/馈赠/意见
　　（2)receive&收到，接到&强调客观&收到&，不涉及主观&接受&与否
　　e.g.He received a letter from his teacher.
　　他收到了老师的一封信。
　　Betty received an invitation to the party but she didn't seem to accept it.
　　贝蒂收到了一份舞贴，但她似乎不愿接受它。
　　常见的短语有：
　　receive a good education 受到良好的教育
　　receive a doctor's degree 获得博士学位
　　receive one's support 得到某人的支持
　　四、能力训练
　　（一)单句改错
　　1.Are you content to your present job?
　　答案：to改为with,因be content with=be satisfied with(对......感到满意),be content to do sth.=be willing to do sth.(愿意干某事)。
　　2.What they shall complete the teaching building in two months is impossible.
　　答案：What改为That。因that和what都可用来引导名词性从句，但that不能在从句中作任何成分，也没有词意，而what则要在从句中充当一定成分，而且也有词意。本句is前的主语从句，句意就完整。只需要引导主语从句的一个引导词，因而要用that。
　　3.He found difficult to get along with other boys.
　　答案：difficult前加it,因find后常接复合宾语，如宾语为不定式或从句，则要借助于形式宾语it,而把真正宾语放在宾补后。
　　4.Does that matter whether he puts his heart into his studies?
　　答案：that改为it,因本句matter前需一个形式主语，真正主语是whether引导的一个主语从句，而that不能充当形式主语。
　　5.He was said to hear the news.
　　答案：hear改为have heard。因to hear这个动作先于was said,所以不定式的完成式（即to have done)，本句也可改为It is said that he has heard the news.
　　6.The scientist's theory is proved to be correct.
　　答案：is proved改为proves,因prove表示&被证明是&时，是不及物动词，类似系动词，后接名词或(to be)+形容词，没有被动式。
　　（二)用主语从句改写下列句子，每空填一词。
　　1.The book is said to have been translated into English.
　　__________ is said __________ the book __________ __________ translated into English.
　　答案：It;has been
　　2.The reason why he took swiss nationality in 1901 is still a question.
　　__________ he took swiss nationality in 1901 __________ __________ __________.
　　答案：Wremains a question
　　3.No matter who breaks the law,he or she will be punished.
　　__________ __________ __________ __________ will be punished.
　　答案：Whoever breaks the law
　　4.It is important for us to make full use of our time.
　　__________ __________ important __________ __________ should make full use of our time.
　　答案：Ithat we
　　5.When and where for them to hold the meeting has not yet been decided.
　　__________ __________ __________ __________ will hold the meeting has not yet been decided.
　　答案：When and where they
　　五、高考真题
　　1.(2000年上海)__________ she couldn't understand was __________ fewer and fewer students showed interests in her lessons.
　　A.Wwhy
　　C.Wbecause
　　简析：选A。因understand为及物动词，因而本题只能用what引导主语从句。why和because引导表语从句的区别在于：because从句强调原因，why从句强调结果。
　　2.(2001年春京蒙皖)I read about it in some book or other,does it matter __________ it was?
　　A.where
　　简析：选D。因连接代词which在从句中作表语，which与what的区别是：which表示是some book和other两本书之间的一本，属于有限选择。what表示无限选择，不符合本题语境。
　　3.(2000年上海)Someone is ringing the door-bell.Go and see __________.
　　A.who is he
B.who he is
　　C.who is it
D.who it is
　　简析：选D。因选项为see的宾语从句，要用陈述语序。因有人在按门铃，隔着门，不明其人身份，故用it。
　　4.(2000.上海)I know nothing about the young lady__________she is from Beijing.
　　A.except
B.except for
　　C.except that
　　简析：选C。此题考查except和except that的区别。当后面接从句时，要用except that。故C最佳。
　　5.(NMET 2001)We didn't plan our art exhibition but it__________very well.
　　A.worked out
B.tried out
　　C.went on
D.carried on
　　简析：选A。本题意思是&我们并没有计划我们的艺术展览，但结果是不错的。&work out意思为&算出，解决，成功，结果为，结局为&；try out意思为&试用&；go on意思为&继续&；carry on意思为&进行&。
　　6.(2001年上海)Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears __________ everything.
　　A.to tell
B.to be told
　　C.to be telling
D.to have been told
　　简析：选D。从语境看，第二分句意为：好像已经有人告诉了她这一切事情，&被告知发生&在先，故需用不定式的完成式。
　　7.(2002上海春)__________ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
　　A.What
　　C.This
　　简析：选Ｂ。因分析整个句子结构可知，这是一个含有主语从句的主从复合句，may reflect为主语的谓语，主句句意完整，只缺一个引导词，因而用that。
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