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Phonics自然拼读基本规则和小窍门收藏
东亚西文情境英语告诉你
Phonics自然拼读基本规则和小窍门 自然拼读法系列之三——复合字母构成的单音（Consonant Digraphs）简单地说，consonant digraph就是两个（或三个）辅音字母在一起只发一个音，通常指以下四种组合：ch（tch），sh，wh和th。 ch和sh的发音有点类似中文“吃”和“湿”发音的前半部分，比如下列例词：chair，check，shoe，shop。 wh的发音可能会比较令人混淆，不同的历史时期，不同地方的人wh的发音会有一些不同。但现在在美式发音里，公认的说法是，一般来说wh与/w/发音相同，但在o前面发/h/音，比如when，what，whale，who，whole。 th的发音则需要一些记忆力了，在下面这些常用词里，th发浊音（舌尖在上下牙齿中间，声带需要振动，声音从牙齿和舌头之间的缝隙里出来）：they,them-, their, theirs, the, this, that, these, those, then-, than, though, thus,there- （注意，如果一个单词后面带有小横线，就是指以这个单词开始的所有单词，比如them-包括there，therefore，thereafter等）。 其它以th开始的单词基本上都发清音（舌尖在上下牙齿中间，声音从牙齿和舌头之间的缝隙里出来，但是声带不振动），比如think，thank，thirty等。 不发音的辅音字母（Silent Consonants）在有些辅音字母组合中，其中一个字母是不发音的，该组合所发的音与发音的那个辅音字母所发音相同。下面列出了这些组合： 字母组合不发音字母 例词ghh
ghost, ghetto, ghastlygng
gnat, gnarl, gnaw, gnome, signknk
knife, knit, know, knock, kneembb
comb, lamb, thumb, dumb, climbpnp
pneumoniapsp
psalm, psychic, psychologyrhh
rhinoceros, rhyme, rhythmscc
scissors, scent, scene, scenery,scenariowrw
wrong, wrist, wrap, wretch, wrenchghgh
light, high, eight, sigh, night
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Phonics, Syllable and Accent Rules--最简单也是重要的英语发音规则
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Phonics Rules
The vowels are "a,e,i,o, and u"; also sometimes "y" & "w". This also includes the diphthongs "oi,oy,ou,ow,au,aw, oo" and many others.
The consonants are all the other letters which stop or limit the flow of air from the
in speech. They are: "b,c,d,f,g,h,j,k,l,m,n,p,qu,r,s,t,v,w,x,y,z,ch,sh,th,ph,wh, ng, and gh".
1. Sometimes the rules don't work.
There are many exceptions in English because of the vastness of the language and the many languages from which it has borrowed. The rules do work however, in the majority of the words.
in every word must have a vowel.
English is a "vocal" Every word must have a vowel.
3. "C" followed by "e, i or y" usually has the soft sound of "s". Examples: "cyst", "central", and "city".
4. "G" followed by "e, i or y" usually has the soft sound of "j". Example: "gem", "gym", and "gist".
5. When 2 consonants are joined together and form one new sound, they are a
digraph. They count as one sound and one letter and are never separated. Examples: "ch,sh,th,ph and wh".
and has only one vowel, that vowel is short. Examples: "fat, bed, fish, spot, luck".
ends in a silent "e", the silent "e" is a signal that the vowel in front of it is long. Examples: "make, gene, kite, rope, and use".
has 2 vowels together, the first vowel is usually long and the second is silent. Examples: "pain, eat, boat, res/cue, say, grow". NOTE: Diphthongs don' In a diphthong, the vowels blend together to create a single new sound. The diphthongs are: "oi,oy,ou,ow,au,aw, oo" and many others.
ends in any vowel and is the only vowel, that vowel is usually long. Examples: "pa/per, me, I, o/pen, u/nit, and my".
10. When a vowel is followed by an "r" in the same syllable, that vowel is "r-controlled". It is not long nor short. "R-controlled "er,ir,and ur" often sound the same (like "er"). Examples: "term, sir, fir, fur, far, for, su/gar, or/der".
Basic Syllable Rules
1. To find the number of syllables:
---count the vowels in the word,
---subtract any silent vowels, (like the silent "e" at the end of a word or the second vowel when two vowels a together in a syllable) ---subtract one vowel from every diphthong, (diphthongs only count as one vowel sound.)
---the number of vowels sounds left is the same as the number of syllables.
The number of syllables that you hear when you pronounce a word is the same as the number of vowels sounds heard. For example:
The word "came" has 2 vowels, but the "e" is silent, leaving one vowel sound andone syllable.
The word "outside" has 4 vowels, but the "e" is silent and the "ou" is a diphthong which counts as only one sound, so this word has only two vowels sounds and therefore, two syllables.
2. Divide between two middle consonants.
Split up words that have two middle consonants. For example:
hap/pen, bas/ket, let/ter, sup/per, din/ner, and Den/nis. The only exceptions are the
digraphs. Never split up
digraphs as they really represent only one sound. The exceptions are "th", "sh", "ph", "th", "ch", and "wh".
3. Usually divide before a single middle consonant.
When there is only one syllable, you usually divide in front of it, as in:
"o/pen", "i/tem", "e/vil", and "re/port". The only exceptions are those times when the first
short sound, as in "cab/in".
4. Divide before the
before an "-le" syllable.
When you have a word that has the old-style
in which the "-le" sounds like "-el", divide before the
before the "-le". For example: "a/ble", "fum/ble", "rub/ble" "mum/ble" and "this/tle". The only
to this are "ckle" words like "tick/le".
5. Divide off any
words, prefixes, suffixes and roots which have vowel sounds.
Split off the parts of
words like "sports/car" and "house/boat". Divide off prefixes such at "un/happy", "pre/paid", or "re/write". Also divide off suffixes as in the words "farm/er", "teach/er", "hope/less" and "care/ful". In the word "stop/ping", the suffix is
"-ping" because this word follows the rule that when you add "-ing" to a word with one syllable, you double the last
and add the "-ing".
Accent Rules
When a word has more than one syllable, one of the syllables is always a little louder than the others. The
with the louder
is the accented syllable. It may seem that the placement of accents in words is often
or accidental, but these are some rules that usually work.
1. Accents are often on the first syllable. Examples: ba'/sic, pro'/gram.
2. In words that have suffixes or prefixes, the
is usually on the main root word. Examples: box'/es, un/tie'.
3. If de-, re-, ex-, in-,po-, pro-, or a- is the first
in a word, it is usually not accented. Examples: de/lay', ex/plore'.
4. Two vowel letters together in the last
of a word often indicates an accented last syllable. Examples: com/plain', con/ceal'.
5. When there are two like
letters within a word, the
before the double consonants is usually accented. Examples: be/gin'/ner, let'/ter.
is usually on the
before the suffixes -ion, ity, -ic, -ical, -ian, -ial, or -ious, and on the second
before the suffix -ate. Examples: af/fec/ta'/tion, dif/fer/en'/ti/ate.
7. In words of three or more syllables, one of the first two syllables is usually accented. Examples: ac'/ci/dent, de/ter'/mine.
n.咽喉；嗓子；出入口
ad.&conj.因此；所以
a.明显的；显而易见的
n.拼法；缀字
[ik?sep??n]
n.例外；反对，异议
[k?m?paund]
n.&a.混合(的) v.合成
[?aekt?u?li]
ad.事实上；实际上
n.强调；压力 vt.强调
[?aeks?nt, aek?sent]
n.重音；口音 vt.重读
[?sil?b?l]
n.音节；只言片语
[?raend?m]
n.偶然的行动
[,aeksi?dentl]
a.偶然的；附属的
[?k?ns?n?nt]
n.辅音 a.符合的
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自然拼读Phonics在国外已有百年以上的历史，是以为母语的国家的儿童阅读时普遍采用的一种学习方法。他是一种简单高效的教学法，让学生做到见词能读，听音能写。建立字母，字母组合和单词发音之间的直接联系，快速记忆单词，为早期阅读及解决拼读系统问题打下牢固的基础。并且能提升学生的学习自信心，让小朋友从小就掌握地道的英语发音。
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练习册1—5册(Workbook 1—5)
全彩页设计，与教材结合紧密结合，练习形式丰富多样， 培养学生学习兴趣，巩固学习成果。
闪卡1—5册(Flashcards 1—5)
包括除sight words 之外的所有所学单词，指示明确，形象可爱，字母或单词印刷在背面，既有助于学生看图识词，又可以提示学生词汇意思。
游戏书1—5册(Big Game Book 1—5)
语音纸牌(Uno Cards for Phonics)
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