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What Is Organizational Behavior_百度文库
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99.Accordingtotheboxedfe；metaphoroftheE-businessw；a.calm-waters；b.white-waterrapids(mode；c.contemporary；d.continuous；e.cultural；100.Accordingtotheboxedf；thefollowingcompanies?；a.Ge
99. According to the boxed feature, DManaging in an E-Business World,‖ which of the following best describes themetaphor of the E-business world?a. calm-watersb. white-water rapids (moderate)c. contemporaryd. continuouse. cultural 100. According to the boxed feature, DManaging in an E-Business World,‖ Tivoli Systems is a division of which ofthe following companies?a. General Motorsb. Microsoftc. IBM
(moderate)d. Hewlett Packarde. Gateway 101. Which of the following is an example of a variable that can foster innovation?a. mechanistic structureb. organic structure
(difficult)c. few organizational resourcesd. low ambiguity acceptancee. low job security 102.
a. acceptance of ambiguityb. tolerance for the impracticalc. high external controls
(moderate)d. focus on ends, not meanse. open-system focus 103. Which of the following human resource variables is supportive of organizational innovation?a. low commitment to trainingb. selection of Type A employeesc. high job security
(moderate)d. unionizatione. long job tenure 104. ______________ actively and enthusiastically support new ideas, build support, overcome resistance, andensure that innovations are implemented.a. Idea champions
(moderate)b. Whistle blowersc. Idea generatorsd. Idea screeners 105. a. extremely high-self-confidenceb. persistencec. energyd. risk averse
(moderate) Scenarios Changing The Way
(Scenario) Due to his spouse's accepting a promotion, Colin had recently left his private sector job in Kansas and accepted a new position in public service with the state of Ohio. The change had been quite a shock at first. The organizational cultures were quite different and each environment offered a different set of challenges. One new challenge Colin accepted was implementing changes into a state government system. Historically, this environment had not seen a lot of changes, and now, with the changes in Washington and the move toward privatization, change was necessary. Plus, his agency director was also new and had announced that the agency would be developing a new strategic plan. Together, Colin had been through many changes recently, and would be involved in more in the near future.106. The changes the state government was facing due to pressures put on by Washington could be referred to as a(n)______________ force of change.a. drivingb. external
(moderate)c. technologicald. internale. marketplace 107. The changes Colin's agency was facing due to the new strategic plan anticipated from the new director could bereferred to as a(n) ______________ force of change.a. drivingb. externalc. technologicald. internal
(moderate)e. marketplace 108. If Colin accepts the responsibility and acts as a catalyst for change, he could be referred to as a(n)a. change master.b. director of change.c. change agent.
(each)d. change manager.e. enforcer of change. 109. The past environment of state government, with very little change, where the status quo is considered theequilibrium state, would be consistent with all but which of the following terms?a. calm watersb. unfreezingc. refreezingd. white-water rapids
(easy)e. Lewin Making Change Happen
(Scenario) Colin was getting accustomed to his surroundings in state government. His efforts at getting people to accept change had met with a little resistance due to his and his new director's efforts and the hard work of his subordinates. But now the hard part really started, actually managing the change. What techniques could he and his agency's new director employ to most effectively implement changes that would result in increased productivity in his department? He considered changing three aspects of his agency: the structure, technology, and people. 110. If the new agency director decided to remove layers in the agency and increase the span of managerial control,this would be considered changing thea. structural design.b. selection process.c. degree of centralization.d. structural components.
(moderate)e. technological design. 111. If the agency director decided to shift away from a functional to a product design, this would be consideredchanging thea. structural design.
(challenging)b. selection process.c. degree of centralization.d. structural components.e. technological design. 112. If Colin decided to replace some employee work time with a telephone menu system, this would be consideredchanging thea. organizational structure.b. technology.
(moderate)c. people.d. organizational development.e. attitudes. 113. Finally, Colin decided his people could benefit from ___________, a method of changing behavior throughunstructured group interaction.a. survey feedbackb. sensitivity training
(difficult)c. team buildingd. intergroup developmente. process consultationCONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN MANAGING CHANGE Changing Culture
(Scenario) Mandy recently returned from her two-day managerial seminar, How to Totally Change Your Management and Leadership Style in Two Days. Even though she felt the seminar was worthless (as she had predicted), it did give her a chance to think about how to change the culture of her organization. She had been brought in by the new CEO as a change agent, and her position had the authority to have impact. She felt that the recent hostile takeover by their parent company had shocked everyone, especially given that the entire organization consisted of only 150 people and had been in business for only five years. She felt this might be the time to attempt the cultural change while everyone was still thinking in terms of change. As she tossed her leadership seminar manual into the wastebasket, she considered what might be her first step and how well the cultural change would work. 114. Of the following, which is an advantage that Mandy has to implement cultural change?a. her new leadership skillsb. the recent purchase of her company
(difficult)c. previous stable leadershipd. her managerial levele. her change agent power 115. Which of the following statements is true concerning the leadership of Mandy's company and its effect oncultural change?a. New top leadership can be an advantage.
(moderate)b. New top leadership is rarely an advantage.c. It is important for the cultural change to begin with employees first.d. Leadership issues have little impact on cultural change.e. Retaining the old leadership would have been preferable for cultural change. 116. Which of the following statements about her company is most advantageous to Mandy as she attempts tochange the cultural leadership?a. Change would be easiest with a company that is older and has a small number of employees.b. Change would be easiest in an older company with many employees.c. Small companies that are new are easiest in which to implement change.
(difficult)d. Small companies that are old are easiest in which to implement change.e. In terms of cultural change, company size and age rarely matter. 117. Of the following, which statement about her company's previous culture would be most advantageous to heraccomplishing a change?a. A previously strong culture is receptive to change.b. A previously nonexistent culture is receptive to change.c. A moderately strong culture is receptive to change.d. A weak culture is more receptive to change.
(difficult)e. An organization with multiple cultures is receptive to change.Fred's Stress
(Scenario) Fred was not handling the change in his department well. The company had recently changed hands, and even though no one had lost his job, people had been changing jobs and were being asked to move to different locations. The new leadership had a completely different outlook than those people he had worked under for the past twenty-one years. Fred found that he was unable to concentrate at work and generally felt like he did not like his job anymore. At home, he was getting headaches and having trouble sleeping, which only enhanced his feeling that things were not going to work out well for him. When he thought about it, he had always hated change. He worked in the job he did partially because it was considered stable (boring to some) and predictable. Fred's new boss kept trying to convince him that he was a valuable employee and that new opportunities, along with salary increases, were in his future. Unfortunately, what Fred wanted was to have things the way they used to be. 118.
a. It is a static condition.
(moderate)b. It may involve opportunity or threats.c. It is related to what a person desires.d. It is related to a desire that is uncertain.e. It is related to a desire that is important. 119.
a. Stress may come from any change in Fred's life.b. Stress may come from personal factors.c. Stress is not related to personality differences.
(easy)d. Job-related factors may be part of Fred's stress.e. The new opportunities Fred may receive are positive and not part of Fred's stress. 120. Which of the following would be a behavioral symptom of Fred's stress?a. headachesb. a rise in Fred's blood pressurec. his job dissatisfactiond. his lack of concentration at worke. problems sleeping
(moderate)Essay Questions FORCES FOR CHANGE 121. In a short essay, describe four external and four internal forces of change and provide examples of how eachforce impacts the manager’s job. Answera. The external forces that create the need for change come from various sources.
In recent years, the intensified in the battle for consumers’ computer purchases.
These companies constantly adapt to changing consumer desires as they develop new PCs and improve marketing strategies.
are a frequent impetus for change.
For example, the passage of the Americans With Disabilities Act required thousands of organizations to reconfigure restrooms, add ramps, widen doorways, and take other actions to improve accommodations for persons with disabilities.
also create the need for change.
For example, technological improvements in expensive diagnostic equipment have created significant economies of scale for hospitals and medical centers.
The fluctuation in TWO VIEWS OF THE CHANGE PROCESS 122. In a short essay, describe, compare and contrast the Dcalm waters‖ and Dwhite-water rapids‖ views oforganizational change. Answera. Up until the late 1980’s, the calm waters metaphor was fairly description of the situation that managersfaced.
It’s best illustrated by Kurt Lewin’s three-step description of the change process.
According to Lewin, successful change can be planned and requires unfreezing the status quo, changing to a new state, and refreezing to make the change permanent.
The status quo can be considered an equilibrium state.
To move from this equilibrium, unfreezing is necessary.
Unfreezing can be thought of as preparing for the needed change.
It can be achieved by increasing the driving forces, which are forces that drive change and direct behavior away from the status quo, decreasing the restraining forces, which are forces that resist change and push behavior towards the status quo, or combining the two approaches.b. The white-water rapids metaphor is consistent with the discussion of uncertain and dynamic environments.It’s also consistent with the dynamics of a world that’s increasingly dominated by information, ideas, and knowledge.
The stability and predictability of the calm waters metaphor do not exist.
Disruptions in the status quo are not occasional and temporary, and they are not followed by a return to calm waters.
Managers never get out of the rapids.
They face constant change, bordering on chaos.
These managers must play a game that they’ve never played before, and the game is governed by rules that are created as the game progresses.(easy) MANAGING CHANGE 123. In a short essay, list and discuss the three categories in which the options for management to implement changefall. AnswerThe manager’s options for change essentially fall into three categories:
structure, technology, and people.
Changing structure includes any alteration in authority relations, coordination mechanisms, degree of centralization, job redesign, or similar structural variables.
Changing technology encompasses modification in the way work is performed or the methods and equipment that are used.
Changing people refers to changes in employee attitudes, expectations, perceptions, and behavior.(easy) 124. In a short essay, list and discuss the three reasons that describe why people resist change.
Include an exampleof each reason to support your answer.also forces managers to change.
For instance, the demand for Web page designers and Web site managers has made it necessary for organizations that need those kinds of employees to change their human resource management activities to attract and retain skilled employees in the areas of greatest need.
affect almost all organizations.
For instance, global recessionary pressures force organizations to become more cost efficient.
But even in a strong economy, uncertainties about interest rates, federal budget deficits, and currency exchange rates create conditions that may force organizations to change. b. In addition to the external forces, internal forces also can stimulate the need for change.
These internal forces tend to originate primarily from the internal operations of the organization or from the impact of external changes.
A redefinition or modification of an organization’s
often introduces a host of changes.
For instance, when Gordon Bethune took over as CEO of bankrupt Continental Airlines, he turned it into a well-run and profitable company with extremely committed employees by orchestrating a series of well-planned and dramatic strategic changes.
In addition, an organization’s static.
Its composition changes in terms of age, education, ethnic background, and sex.
The introduction of new need to undergo training on how to operate the new equipment, or be require to establish new interaction patterns within their work group.
such as increased job dissatisfaction may lead to increased absenteeism, more voluntary resignations, and even labor strikes.
Such events will, in turn, of ten lead to changes in management policies and practices. (difficult)包含各类专业文献、应用写作文书、各类资格考试、专业论文、中学教育、74管理学 斯蒂芬 配套习题 题库 含答案等内容。　
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