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英语本科毕业论文-《麦田里的守望者》主人公心理分析 淮北煤炭师范学院2012 届学士学位论文An Analysis of the Protagonist's Psychology of TheCatcher in the Rye学院、专业外国语学院、英语研究方向美国文学学生姓名学号 指导教师姓名指导教师职称讲师2011 年 10 月 16 日2AcknowledgementsHerein I would like to express my deepest thanks to my supervisor, Mrs. weiyun,for her insightful views on how this thesis should be constructed, and for herproviding me with timely feedback, careful modification and encouragement that arevery helpful for writing the thesis. Without her help, this thesis would have beenimpossible. Mrs.wei’s passion in this field is never-ceasing and inspiring. From her, Ihave more closely experienced what the virtues like integrity and devotion mean for atrue scholar.I should express my gratitude to my families and classmates. I thank them fortheir encouragement when I felt frustrated in the process of writing the thesis, and fortheir suggestions and supports.3The Analysis of Protagonist's Psychology of the Catcher in theRyeAbstract:As one of the famous “reclusive writers”in the United States,Jerome DavidSalinger gets high reputation after World War Ⅱ.His only novel The Catcher in theRye is regarded as a “modern classic”in post-war American literature. His works makehim a representative of novels of a new kind.His works are both mysterious andserious with their own characteristic style. Salinger's works reflect the inner conflictsof American adolescents after World War Ⅱand have great influences on Americans.The story told by sixteen-year-old Holden Caulfield,the hero and narrator of thenovel,is facused on what Holden has experienced in his three-day vagabond life inNew York after he is expelled from Pency Prep around Christmas for his bad grades.Iplan to regard Holden Canlfield as the portrayal of American adolescents,and try toexplore Holden's inner world.The inner contradictions and conflicts are the typicalcharacteristics of protagonist Holden in the Catcher in the Rye.Because of his innercontradictions and conflicts, this novel has e the age-old riddle of the literaryworld in the twentieth century. I plan to explain Holden's psychology from hissurroundings, including his school, his family, the society. And I can also revealHolden's inner world by the red hunting hat and the duck. Through exploring theprotagonist Holden's inner world to reveal the post-war society of United States andthe people who lack of ideal,depression,only pursue material life. Hence,”thedepressed generation”appears.Key words: Holden Caulfield, inner contradictions and conflicts, the depressedgeneration, psychology, protagonist4《麦田里的守望者》主人公心理分析摘要:杰罗姆大卫塞林格(Jerome David Salinger)是美国著名“遁世”作家之一,他迄今为止发表的唯一一部小说《麦田里的守望者》在美国战后文学中被誉为“现代经典”;他的作品使他被公认为战后另一类型小说的代表人物,具有严肃,自由而又趋于神秘主义的独特写作风格。他的作品集中反映了五十年代美国青少年那种对社会事物既不能撒手不管,又不愿参与的矛盾心理,从不同角度对社会的各个方面提出了批评,在美国有广泛影响。小说主人公,十六岁的霍尔顿考尔菲尔德以自述的形式回忆了他因成绩太差而在圣诞节前夕被潘西中学开除后在纽约三天的流浪式生活的经历。本文把霍尔顿考尔菲尔德作为美国青年的写照,探究霍尔顿的内心世界。内心的矛盾与冲突是小说《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿考尔菲尔德的典型特征。因其内心世界的复杂与矛盾,使得这部小说成为二十世纪文学界的难解之谜。本文从霍尔顿考尔菲尔德的周边环境,包括学校,家庭,社会来分析霍尔顿内心的矛盾与冲突,并且还从小说中红色猎人帽和鸭子的象征意义来揭示霍尔顿的内心世界。通过探究主人公霍尔顿的内心世界来传递二战后美国的社会,以及当时人们缺乏理想,意志消沉,只追求物质生活的时代。于是,“垮掉的一代”便出现了。关键词:霍尔顿,内心矛盾和冲突,垮掉的一代,心理,主人公5Table of ContentsChapter1.Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------------1.1 the brief introduction of J.D.Salinger and his works----------------------------1.2 the literature review----responses to The Catcher in the Rye--------1.3 paper context---------------------------------------------------------------------------Chapter2.From Holden's surroundings to see his psychology-----------------------------2.1 Holden and his school---------------------------------------------------------------2.2 Holden and his family---------------------------------------------------------------2.3 Holden and the society--------------------------------------------------------------Chapter3.From Holden's red hunting hat and the duck to see Holden's psychology---3.1Holden and his red hunting hat-------------------------------------------------------3.2Holden and the duck-----------------------------------------------------------------Chapter4.Conclusion--------------------------------------------------------------------------References--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6The Analysis of Protagonist's Psychology of the Catcher in theRyeChapter1 Introduction1,1 The brief introduction of J.D.Salinger and his worksJerome David was born on January 1st, 1919 to a well-to-do merchant family inNew York City. His father was a Jewish importer of European hams. His mother was agentile---Scotch-Inish. Salinger's only sibling, Doris, was eight years older than he.From 1932 to 1934, Salinger received his education in both public and private schoolsin Manhattan. When he was 15, he was sent to a military academy, Valley ForgeMilitary Academy in Pennsylvania, where he got his only diploma in his life. In 1940,Salinger published his first short story, The Young Folks in Stray and The University ofKansas City Review was published later in the same year. At the end of World War Ⅱ,Salinger was discharged from the army and remained in Europe, working as a civilianfor the Department of Defense until May 1946,when he returned to New York City.He never stopped writing and publishing his works.In 1951,Salinger published The Catcher in the Rye after working on it adecade. When it was published, it was soon a dest seller, peaking at number 4 on theNew York Times best-seller list for the last half of 1951.Salinger himself remainedfrom 1951 to 1963 the most popular American Fiction writer among serious highschool and college students. As described by Sanford Pinsker, the book “made thecollege circuit, passing from one undergraduate's hands to anothers …movedinexorably from being merely a novel to ing a generation's etiquette book, andsometimes its bible…Salinger’s name came to dominate dormitory bull session and tobe spoken of in the worshipful tones once reserved for Hemingway”(Pinskster1993;19) By 1954 the novel was not only available in translation in Denmark,7Germany, France, Israel, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, ev it was made available in paperback by the New American Library. By1961 sales of Catcher were reported to have reached one and a half million copies inthe U.S.alone. The Catcher in the Rye inevitably stands out as Salinger's only novelto date. And it was regarded as Salinger's autobiography. Salinger said:“I was muchrelieved when I finished it. My boyhood was very much the same as that of the boy inThe Catcher in the Rye ,and it was a great telling people about it .”(Blaney1953;1)The theme of the novel, in its broadest sense, is the difficulty of growing up,the lonely and hard voyage from innocence to experience.1.2 The literature review-------responses to The Catcher in theRyeAs the novel was published, it was prevailed not only in the high school andcollege, but in the scholars of domestic and overseas. Many scholars began toresearch and have a debate on The Catcher in the Rye. Firstly, many domestic scholarshave researched the novel. Shi Xianrong first translated The Catcher in the Rye intoChinese in 1960s as critical materail and restricted publication. In 1983, the LijiangPress published the Chinese version translated by Shi Xianrong. And in 2007, anotherChinese version of The Catcher in the Rye translated by Sun Zhongxu, and thispublished in Yilin Press. The Catcher in thr Rye is regarded as one of the books ofrealism criticizing by hypocrisy, indulgence, profanity and cruelty of Americansociety. For example, Zhu Jing's The Catcher in the Rye Field: The Modern ClassicRebelling Pedantry and Sham [Jilin University Journal (Social SciencesEdition),2002,04] Liao Leichao's A Story Dog——An Analysis on the SpiritualCrisis of the Protagonist in the Catcher in the Rye puts his aim at the spiritual worldof Holden Caulfield.[ 2009 年人文社会科学专辑,第 35 卷,NO.2009,Vol35] As forthe theme, Zhang Yuxiao, in The Puzzle of Life on the Edge of Cliff: on the Social TTheme of the Catcher in the Rye by Salinger [Journal of Shengyang Normal8University Social Sciences Edition , 2003, 01] thinks that this novel vividlyreproduced the mental state of the postwar American youth: enjoying an abundantmaterial life.Secondly, also many foreign scholars have researched the novel. In 1950s,Charles H
Kegel explored Holden's “quest munication”, noting theimpediments to this quest in particular the phoniness that destroys rapport munications. [Kegel , 0] In linguistic analysis, Costello surveyedHolden's diction and found the language in novel authetic, essential to Holden'scharacterization, and an important “part of an aristic achievement”[Costello, 1] In 1960s, many critical articles and biographical materials which basedon The Catcher in the Rye appeared, such as, William FBelcher's and JamesWLee's Salinger and the Critics [1962] and Marvin Marsden's If You Really Wantto Kown: a Catcher Casebook [1963] In 1970s, psychoanalytical readings began toappear, such as, In “a full-fledged psychoanalytical reading”, Bryan saw Holden'sprotecting innocence from adult corruption as a “frantic need to save his sister fromhimself.”[Bryan, 1974] In 1980s and 1990s, scholars emphasized on psychoanalysis,cultural relativity and politics. Such as, Edwin Haviland Miller's In Memoriam: AllieCaulfield [1982] Miller concluded that Allie's death shaped Holden's perspectiveon the world and that his inability e to term with the loss of his younger brotherreveals his “serious psychological problem.”[Miller, 1982] Pamela Hunt Steinle'sIn Cold Fear :The Catcher in the Rye Censorship Controversies and PostwarAmerican Character [2000] is an examination of the cultural background.1.3 paper contextThe thesis aims to study the protagonist Holden's psychology in The Catcherin the Rye. The thesis consists of four chapters.Chapter1is a brief introduction of J.D.Salinger and his works, and famous9some domestic and overseas scholars's important research of The Catcher in the Rye.Chapter2 gives the detailed explanation of Holden's psychology from hissurroundings, including school, family, and society. From each part to reflectHolden'plicated psychology.Chapter3 reflects Holden's psychology from another perspective. Such as,the red hunting hat and the duck, which reflects Holden's plications andconflicts. It can show Holden's psychology more detailed.Chapter4 is a brief conclusion which presents a clear sketch or what hasbeen discussed in this thesis.Chapter 2 From Holden's surroundings to see his psychology2.1 Holden and his schoolHolden, coming from a rich family, receiving his schooling in anexpensively charging pre-school, has a bright future. However, he is unhappy, for hecan not get what he wishes, that is, the emphasized and cherished spiritual value:honesty, compassion, kindness and love to human beings. But what is unfortunate is,when he begins to touch the adult world that he frightenedly finds out that his idealfor love is just a beautiful soap bubble. At the very beginning, the novel displays a sad,gloomy scene: as a schoolboy from Pency Prep, Holden, often more than not, patible with the situation. One Saturday afternoon, when all the restschoolmates are enjoying a football match, Holden, himself, wanders about on the topof the nearby hill, for he shows little interest in the result of the match. And also hewants to avoid those “phonies” by detaching himself from others. More than that,because of not having passed four subjects, he is doomed to be kicked out from PencyPrep. Holden holds a hostile attitude towards his schoolmates, all the teachers and theschool authority. He feels that his schoolmates are either he never10believes the teachers's words. Just like at other school where he was studied, in PencyPrep, he feels that he is surround by phonies, complaining, “It was a terrible school ,no matter how you looked at it.”[ The Catcher in the Rye, Yilin press, ]Early in the school, before Holden is kicked out from Pency Prep, he visitshis history teacher, Mr. Spencer, who hurts Holden's self-esteem. Because Mr.Spencer reads from his examination paper:“Dear Mr. Spencer (he read out loud), thatis all I kown about Egyptians. I can not seem to get very interested in them althoughyour lectures are very interesting. It is all right with me if you flunk me though as Iam flunking everything else except English anyway. Respectfully yours, HoldenCaulfield.”[The Catcher in the Rye,Yilin press, ] After he reads the words,Holden has a feeling of betrayal and a feeling of shameness. And all the kindness ofSpencer in his heart disappears. He is more tired of the adult's world and the adult'sphoniness.In Holden's eyes, his teacher, Mr. Antonlini is his last but only friend andthe embodiment of the force of morality. However, ironically, when Holden has toturn to his but only friend, it is this very “gentleman” who gives this sorely hurt youngman the last but deadly attack. When he nearly gives up all hopes, es to histeacher, also his idol to seek for some understanding and consolation. But what hegets from his teacher is his slick and worldly wise warnings:“The mark of theimmature man is that he wants to die nobly for a cause, while the mark of the matureman is that he wants to live humbly for one”[The Catcher in the Rye,Yilin press,] When he heards these words, he feels depressed and disappointed. Heknows that on one can understand him. He does not want to “live humbly”. Hismostly-trusted teacher disappoints him. And when he wakes from his dream, he findsthat his teacher is homosexual. His disappointment changes into indignation, disgustand horror. His idol falls from the sacrifitical altar of the soul and breaks into pieces.Holden's god dies. Up till then, he pletely desperate in the adult world.Holden despies not only his teachers but also his schoolmates. For example,his roomate, Stradlater, who disgusts Holden the most. Especially the date of播放器加载中，请稍候...
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英语本科毕业论文-《麦田里的守望者》主人公心理分析 淮北煤炭师范学院2012 届学士学位论文An Analysis of the Protagonist's Psychology of TheCatcher in the Rye学院、专业外国语学院、英语研究方向美国文学学生姓名学号 指导教师姓名指导教师职称讲师2011 年 10 月 16 日2AcknowledgementsHerein I would li...
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专辑英文名:&On the Night(1993)专辑中文名:&恐怖海峡-1993现场版歌手:&资源格式:&MP3地区:&语言:&简介:&
这是一张有超凡动态与像真度的流行音乐天碟,是流行史上最HI-FI同时可听性又最高的作品之一. 　[著名老牌摇滚乐队“恐怖海峡”资料小全]　　谁说电吉他只能用拨片来弹？老牌摇滚乐队“恐怖海峡(Dire Straits)”的主唱和主音吉他手马克.克莱夫勒（Mark Knopfler）会给这种说法的人一个沉重的打击。从我个人而言，我特别喜欢他们那种类似弦乐的非常细腻的失真声音。下面的内容摘自非主流调频网站 　　Dire Straits 1976 年组建于伦敦西南部的代特福德，他们的成功主要应归于吉他演奏大师、乐队的核心人物 Mark Knopfler（生于 1949 年 8 月 12 日）。 Knopfler 29 岁时才开始音乐生涯，此前他曾做过新闻记者和教师。他吸收了许多音乐，在组建乐队之时，在歌曲创作和吉他演奏上已臻成熟。 　　Knopfler 与他的兄弟 David（吉他手）和 John Illsley（贝司手）联合以后，鼓手 Pick Withers 又加入到乐队中，他们开始在伦敦的酒吧中举办一些小型演出。最后他们花了 120 英镑录制了一盘样带，其中包括后来成为经典的歌曲“Sultans Of Swing”，这首歌在伦敦电台节目中播放后，各唱片公司蜂拥而至竞相与该乐队签约。 1978 年他们与 Phonogram 公司签约，录制了单曲“Sultans Of Swing”和一张同名唱片《Dire Straits》，此后 Dire Straits 很快就成为了一支成就巨大的摇滚乐队。 　　1979 年出版的专辑《Communique》畅销世界。这张唱片发行以后，David 离开乐队开始个人发展。1980年第 3 张专辑《Making Movies》，来自 Bruce Springsteen 乐队的 Roy Bittan 参加录制。该专辑获得了金唱片，其中的《Romeo And Juliet》和《Skateaway》成为电台和 MTV 中的热门歌曲。 1980 年的巡回演出中，吉他手 Hal Lindes 和键盘手 Alan Clark 也加入到该乐队中。 　　与此同时，Knopfler 作为一位吉他演奏家所享有的声誉继续增长，他暂时离开乐队与 Bob Dylan 和 Steely Dan 进行一些合作。 1982 年出版了第 4 张专辑《Love Over Gold》，这张唱片由 Knopfler 自己制作。专辑中的长篇作品充满了实验色彩，单曲“Private Investigations”获得英国排行榜的第 2 名，专辑也成为英国榜上的冠军专辑，而且在美国成为金唱片。 1982 年，Knopfler 开始在 Dire Straits 之外探索新的音乐途径，为电影配乐并出现在Van Morrison 的专辑中。 Dire Straits 在
两年间的大部分时间处于偃旗息鼓状态，这期间，Knopfler 为 Bob Dylan 制作了专辑《Infidel》，为 Tiner Turner 的复出专辑创作了一首“Private Dancer”，给 Aztec Camers 制作唱片《Knife》。 　　1984 年春，Dire Straits 乐队出版了现场演出录制的唱片《Alchemy》。这年底，乐队进入录音棚录制他们的第 5 张专辑，并增加了一位新的成员，键盘手 Cuy Fietcher。专辑《Brothers in Arms》于 1985 年夏天正式出版，它是乐队的一张突破性的专辑，具有讽刺意味的是，其中一首嘲弄音乐电视的单曲“Money For Nothing”竟然在 MTV 电视台的推波助澜下成了热门歌曲，在美国排行榜前 10 名傍留了 9 个星期并卖掉了 900 万张；在英国，这张专辑也是 80 年代销量最高的专辑。“Walk Of Life”和“So Far Away”使这张专辑在排行榜上一直停留到 1986 年。为推广这张专辑，乐队举行了近两百场的演出。 　　随后，Knopfler 为 Randy Newman 和 Joan Armatrading 制作专辑，参加了 Eric Clapton 的巡回演出，又与 Chet Atkins 合作了一张专辑《Neck And Neck》。 1989 年，他组建了乡村摇滚乐队 Motting Hillbillies，并于次年出版了专辑《Missing... Presumed Having a Good Time》。 　　在经过了一系列个人活动之后，Knopfler 于 1990 年重新组队 Dire Straits。 1991 年秋，新专辑《On Every Street》出版，不过这张专辑并不像人们预期的那样，在美国只成为白金唱片，连排行榜前 40 名都没有进去，甚至没有一首热门歌曲。同样，他们的巡回演出也是失望而归，他们在欧洲和美国巡回演出的门票有时根本卖不出去。这次巡演之后，出版了现场专辑《On The Night》，随后乐队又无限期放了长假。 Knopfler 在 1996 年出版了他的个人专辑《Golden Heart》，但并没有获得太多的喝彩。 　　也许，Dire Straits 及 Knopfler 出色的才华随着 80 年代的逝去而一去不复返了。从商业角度来看，Dire Straits 特别是 Knopfler 证明他们是自 70 年代以来最成功的摇滚组合之一，在全世界销售了近 2000 万张唱片。 倾听 Dire straits 　　It's your face I'm looking for on every street 　　 　　——《On Every Street》 　　 　　前些日子在整理一些过去的东西时，看到了曾经的女朋友写给自己的一封信。那时我们相隔千里，一年也就能见一次面。96年新年我翻录了一盒dire straits的歌曲作为礼物邮给了她。她在信中说在一个晚上坐在屋里听着《Romeo and Juliet》，眼泪就忍不住流了下来。 　　我想这就是dire straits。他们的歌中有着我们一直在寻找的东西：情感。J.D．Salinger的《麦田守望者》中有这样一段话：“我就站在那悬崖边，我的职务就是在那守望，要是有孩子往悬崖这奔来，我就捉住他——孩子们都在狂奔，不知道自己在往哪跑，我得从一个地方出来捉住他们。我成天就做这事，我只想当个麦田里的守望者。”dire straits对我来说就好象是一个守望者，在他们的音乐中，自己总能把心灵和情感放在一个安全的地方，从而即使面对纷烦的世事也能安静和从容。 　　 　　Turning all the night time into the day 　　And after all the violence and double talk 　　There's just a song in all the trouble and the strife 　　You do the walk 　　You do the walk of life 　　——《Walk of Life》 　　 　　１９７７年，苏格兰格拉斯哥教师Mark knopfler和他从事社会工作的弟弟David knopfler,以及John Illsley、Pick Withers在伦敦组建了乐队dire straits。出生于１９４９年８月的Mark knopfler担任乐队主唱和主音吉它；同样生于１９４９年的John Illsely任贝司；１９５１年１２月出生的David knopfler和Pick Withers分别为吉它手和鼓手。同年，他们凑了１２０英镑录制了一盒含有５首曲目的小样，这其中就有dire straits的成名曲《Sultans Of Swing》。 　　乐队的音乐风格从一开始就显示出多样化。在摇滚的基础上混入了布鲁斯、爵士以及民谣的音乐元素。这样多元化的风格dire straits从最初一直延续到今天。 　　１９７８年６月，dire straits在宝丽金下属的Vertigo公司下推出首张乐队同名专辑《dire straits》，这张专辑共有9首曲目，其中《Down to the Waterline》、《Wild West End》和《Sultans of swing》备受关注。凭借此张专辑，乐队成员都成了明星人物，其中Mark Knopfler以其低哑的噪音和充满激情和深度的吉它演奏征服了人们。从一开始，人们就把Mark Knopfler与dire straits的其他成员分开谈论。Mark是灵魂，dire straits是Mark的乐队，这导致了后来乐队不断有人离开。然而Mark的领袖地位使乐队的音乐风格在慢慢转变的同时也保持了最初的基本印记。 　　由于乐队的成功，在１９７９年底他们又不失时机地推出了第二张含有９首歌的专辑《Communique》，借助上一张专辑的余热，《Communique》在美国及全球各地都取得了很好的销售成绩。 　　１９８０年在dire straits创作第三张专辑《Making Movies》期间，David knopfler离开了乐队，接替他的是Hal Lindes。１９８２年他们又推出了专辑《Love over Gold》。在创作这张专辑期间，乐队加入了键盘手Alan Clark。Alan Clak是一位极有天赋的乐手，他对音乐有着细微的感触。 　　在《Love Over Gold》这张专辑中，Alan Clark的键盘不仅和谐地融入了整个音乐之中，增添了乐曲的色彩，同时又光彩逼人，让听者侧耳。当然，专辑中最精彩的依然是Mark knopfler的演出。 　　《Tunnel of Love》，《Solid Rock》中Mark的吉它在速度节奏中充分展示出力量和令人叹为观止的技巧；而《Telegraph Road》，《Private Investigation》中Mark的低声吟唱让人听来只觉心里阵阵发紧；吉它是轻柔而充满灵性的.在听《Private Investigation》时，我们似乎感觉不到吉它的存在，但它又时时轻轻敲击着自己的心，在这里，Mark与吉它就好象李寻欢与他的飞刀一样，做到了人琴合一。我们听到的都在模糊中变为感受，因为琴声是Mark心底发出来的声音。这是来自灵魂深处的倾诉，来自夜空中的声音，它并不能让听者轻松，但它确实让人感动。这些歌中Mark的吉它演奏已经超出了技巧的范畴，它代表着Mark对吉它的理解。 　　在《Making Movies》与《Love Over Gold》这两张专辑中，长篇叙事性的歌曲占据了主流。《Romeo And Juliet 》、《Telegraph Road》、《Private Investigation》就是其中代表。在《Telegraph Road》中，Mark写下了这样的句子：“When life was just a bet on a race between the lights，you had your head on my shoulder，you had your hand in my hair……Believe in me baby and I'll take you away from out of this darkness and into the day……From all of these signs saying sorry but we are closed all the way down the telegraph road”。 　　在这里，dire straits讲述了一个故事：很久以前一个流浪的人找到了理想的家园，于是开始全身心的建设，而一切成形之后，他又选择了离开。或许dire straits是在讲述他们这一代人寻梦的历程。流浪、停驻、离开，寻找没有尽头。他们追寻的东西在前方绽放光芒，却又始终无法触及。 　　dire straits有着很多困惑和疑问。一切问题都显而易见，然而却又令人无可奈何。在《Private Investigation》中，他们这样发问：“What have you got at the end of the day？What have you got to take away？A bottle of whisky and a new set of lies？Blinds on the window and a pain behind the eyes”。他们面对问题和人们无力救赎，只好把内心的痛苦在压抑中独自承受。我们于是就听到了这样伤感而失望的叹息。 　　《Love Over Gold》这张专辑的录音十分出色，其中１４分钟的《Telegraph Road》和６分４５秒的《Private Investigation》尤为突出。此张专辑开始，dire straits的唱片录音就一直是流行音乐中最好的。１９８４年他们推出的现场double LP一样保持了最高水准的录音水平。这张名为《Alchemy——dire straits live》的专辑共有十一首歌，基本上包括了之前乐队所有的精彩曲目。这张现场专辑让每个乐迷充分感受到乐队深厚的乐器功底和驾驭音乐的能力。所有的曲目都因现场的即兴演出而变长，其中《Sultans Of Swing》后半部分长达４分钟跌荡起伏直冲云宵的吉它solo，更是让人感到酣畅淋漓。从此现场版的《Romeo And Juliet》、《Private Investigation》、《Sultans Of Swing》、《Going Home(From film)》成为了摇滚史上的精典。 　　 　　There's so many different words 　　So many different songs 　　And we have just one world 　　But we live in different ones 　　——《Brothers In Arms》 　　 　　１９９６年的春天对我来说是一段困难时期。当时面临大学毕业，前途难测。宿舍里除了既不找工作也不念书的自己以及一位在国际广播电台实习的同学再没其他人。我们常常晚饭之后就各自坐着，也不说话，看着窗外很快暗了下去，而宿舍里播放的总是dire straits的歌，其中又是《Brothers In Arms》这首歌听得最多。那时我们都感到很困苦，是dire straits陪我们走过了那一段日子。他们的音乐让我们知道很多时候只能等待。 　　dire straits一样在坚持、寻找、等待。１９８２年的《Love Over Gold》之后，时隔三年，他们才推出了新作专辑《Brothers In Arms》。而在这张专辑创作之前，吉它手Hal Lindes离开了乐队，Guy Fletcher加入；而鼓手也由Terry Williams取代了Pick Withers。 　　这张专辑与《Love Over Gold》相比并没有什么突破的地方。Mark Knopfler充分利用科技手段进行包装。专辑中《Ride Across The River》、《The Man's Too Strong》的录音精彩绝伦：清晰的层次感，清澈的吉它音质，透明的鼓声，再加上突然爆发的强音都极大地满足了人们的听觉感官刺激。同时乐队借助新兴的MTV在电视台大量播出《Money For Nothing》，这使得这首本来是嘲讽MTV及流行乐坛的歌曲登上了排行榜首位。还有便是歌曲本身的可听性和流行性使得专辑广被接受。《Brothers In Arms》仅在美国就售出９００万张，专辑先后登上了加拿大、巴西、比利时、丹麦、爱尔兰、法国、德国、瑞典、土耳其、澳大利亚、香港等２２个国家和地区的流行音乐专辑排行榜的首位。而我只喜欢《Brothers In Arms》这一首歌。在这首歌中我感到了歌者在脆弱和无助的情况下依然对这世界，对他人有着最真挚的关怀。Mark Knopfler是孤独的，从早期作品中的喧嚣和张狂中摆脱出来，他开始正视内心的恐惧，开始真正面对梦想和现实中两个完全不同的世界。Mark变得平静，因为他能真正用一种宽容和关怀去面对他人。他的歌因此不再张扬和华丽，他用一种平和和智慧的态度讲述我们面对的生活和世界。“Now the sun's gone to hell，And the moon's riding high。Let me bid you farewell，Everyman has to die。But it's written in the starlight，And every line on your palm。We're fools to make war on our brothers in arms。”dire straits在这首歌中充满痛苦和忧虑的反思是一种宗教意味的对人类和世界的关怀。 　　 　　Well alas we've seen it all before 　　Knights in armour days of yore 　　The same old fears and the same old crimes 　　We havn't changed since ancient times 　　——《Iron Hand》 　　 　　一篇文章写到在话剧《三姐妹等待戈多》上演时，许多人中途退场，他们不愿意等待。也有不少人坚持看完了整出戏，虽然这样的坚持并不愉快和轻松，甚至还有些沉重。结局并不是坚持和等待的全部意文，在这一过程中，有人畏惧并放弃了,可坚持的人却变得更坚强，这样的人世间也因此有了更多令人向往和追求的东西。 　　在１９８５年的《Brothers In Arms》之后，dire straits于１９８８年１０月推出了他们的精选集《Money For Nothing》。之后乐队于１９９１年３月发行了新的创作专辑《On Every Street》。６年才出一张新专辑对一个摇滚乐队来说并不是一件好事，流行乐坛大批新人的涌现会使乐迷轻易地就忘记这些“上一代”的歌者。从８５年到９１年，长时间的沉寂无疑给了dire straits更多认识自己、认识世界的机会，事实上《On Every Street》是他们最优秀的专辑，也是流行音乐史上最杰出的专辑之一。 　　《On Every Street》这张专辑词曲是灰暗和伤感的，而其中包含的情感却是真诚和厚重的。过去的dire straits有着表达自己对世界认知的欲望，有着让大众接受自己的渴求，然而在这张专辑中，我们看到了一个真正面对世界、回归到最初的dire straits。他们并不把观察体会到的东西作为一种结论告诉我们，在一种平静的叙述方式和充满向往的态度中，我们看到dire straits的忧伤。Mark Knopflen的吉它已经没有了《Sultans Of Swing》中华丽的技巧和感官上的冲击，他已经不需要这些了。《Iron Hand》中简单的小调和弦，《You And Your Friend》中缓慢而忧伤的轻失真音色的电吉他与夏威夷吉他交错行进的solo，让我们感到一种由心底漫漫往外溢出的感动，这种情绪从自己内心一直扩散到整个空气之中，这时的dire straits是在以充满力量的心灵和虔诚的意识做着表达，其它技术手段已经不再重要.从这个意义上说，《On Every Street》已经是一个不可逾越的巅峰，以后的dire straits或许会有更好的专辑，但那也只可能是建立在这一张专辑基础之上的完善。 　　在这一张专辑的创作过程中，除了曾经在《Brothers In Arms》专辑中的《Your latest trick》一曲中合作过的萨克斯手Chris White外，乐队又加入新成员参与录音，他们是夏威夷吉他演奏大师Paul Franlin、打击乐Danny Cummings、吉它Phil Palmer以及鼓Jeff Porcara。专辑中主要歌曲有《On Every Street》、《How Long 》、《You And Your Friend》、《Iron Hand》、《Fade To Black》等。这些歌曲涉及到了我们所赖以生存的世界和社会的方方面面：情感、理想、道德、家园、战争,每一首歌都让我们在感动中有所感悟。 　　然而这张专辑的销量却少得可怜。 　　在《Iron Hand》中，dire straits的轻声呐喊如诗：“Now with all the clarity of dream。The blood so red，The grass so green，The gleam of spur on chest nut flark，The cavalry did burst upon the ranks”，这样的声音不如重金属乐队的嘶喊引人注目；这样隐约的关怀不如Micheal Jacksion的《Heal The World》浪漫，然而却包涵着一个智者对人类历史中不断隐隐重现的悲剧的沉沉忧思。而专辑中的《How Long》这首歌总共就出现了二十几个单词；而《Fade To Black》也在曲和词上大量重复，并且歌词显得沉重：“Maybe it's all for the best，But I wish I'd never been lasooed，Maybe it's some kind of test，But I wish I'd never been tattooed，Or been to hell and back fade to black”。 　　这一切都不能带给人兴奋和快感，反而还要听者去思考，因而销量不好也就成了必然的事。确实，这些来自灵魂深处的倾诉并不能带给人欢娱，因为这其中有着令每个人都难以释怀的沉重。然而当我们静心聆听，就会感到深埋其中的感动。于是我们听到了心跳的声音，梦见了灵魂的飞扬，感到了自己的卑劣，禁不住泪流。 　　 　　How long ,how long baby ,how long has it been, 　　How long you gonna keep me wondering...... 　　How long before you're sure, 　　MY love is strong——how long——how long 　　——《How Long》 　　 　　１９９３年５月，dire straits推出了另一张现场专辑《On The Night》；同年１１月，Mark Knopfler推出了一张他为一些电影而创作的音乐合集《Screenplaying》；１９９５年发行《Live At The BBC》；１９９８年推出《Sultans Of Swing：The Very Best Of dire straits》，这张精选集收录了乐队组建２０年以来创作的曲目共１６首。 　　以上就是dire straits在《On Every Street》专辑之后做的一切。 　　然而不管怎样，每当提起dire straits自己就会很怅然。或许他们的音乐实实在在地压在了我的心底，在某一时刻会突然闪现出光芒，岁月流逝，反而更深远。也许这是因为他们表达的不是对人世间的同情，也不是对处于艰苦状态中的人们的开导，当然，更没有要求，dire straits的歌中有的是一种关怀,一种对阳光与黑暗都深深注视和轻轻抚慰的宗教式的终极关怀。面对世界个人总是显得无能为力，但至少我们还可以去爱。 　　１９８５年《Brothers In Arms》之后六年，dire straits推出了《On Every Street》，然而从９１年至今，我们再没有他们的消息。或许，每个人都得等待。不过在１９９６年，Mark Knopfler推出了首张个人专辑《Golden Heart》，这是他走过岁月沧桑，走过心灵历程之后的回归，音乐朴实干净，充满民谣气息。《Golden Heart》带给我们的是终极意味的光明和向往。此专辑已加入mp3共享计划！重新发布，绝对有效！小楼出品，必属精品
专辑曲目:&
01. Dire Straits - [On the Night #01] Calling Elvis [10:25]02. Dire Straits - [On the Night #02] Walk of Live [5:06]03. Dire Straits - [On the Night #03] Heavy Fuel [5:22]04. Dire Straits - [On the Night #04] Romeo and Juliet [10:05]05. Dire Straits - [On the Night #05] Private Investigations [9:43]06. Dire Straits - [On the Night #06] Your Latest Trick [5:35]07. Dire Straits - [On the Night #07] On Every Street [7:01]08. Dire Straits - [On the Night #08] You and Your Friend [6:47]09. Dire Straits - [On the Night #09] Money for Nothing [6:27]10. Dire Straits - [On the Night #10] Brothers in Arms [8:55]
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